Iyini i-DIN 24960 Mechanical Seal Standard?

Isingeniso

I-DIN 24960 iyindinganiso enobukhulu obude yezimbobo zomshini ezisetshenziswa kumaphampu e-centrifugal, eyenzelwe ukwenza izimbobo zokubopha kanye nezimbobo zokubopha zibikezelwe kubo bonke abakhiqizi. Ukuyiqonda kusiza ukuchaza ukuthi kungani izimbobo ezithile zingashintshana, ukuthi ubukhulu bokufaka bubaluleke ngani, nokuthi i-geometry yebhokisi lokugcwalisa iphampu ilinganiswa kanjani ekusebenzeni. Lesi sihloko sichaza lokho i-DIN 24960 ekumbozayo, kufaka phakathi imvilophu yayo enobukhulu, ukumiswa kwembobo evamile, kanye nomongo wokusebenza, bese sicacisa ukuthi ihlobene kanjani nezindinganiso zanamuhla zaseYurophu nokuthi kungani ukubizwa kusabonakala njalo ezinhlotsheni zobunjiniyela, amakhathalogi, kanye nezinqumo zokufaka esikhundleni.

Iyini i-DIN 24960 futhi iyimboza ini

Izinga le-DIN 24960 limelela uhlaka lobunjiniyela oluyisisekelo ekuphathweni koketshezi. Ngokomlando lasebenza njengencazelo eyinhloko yesiJalimane yobukhulu bokufakwa kanye nezimbobo zokusebenza zeizimpawu zomshinikumaphampu e-centrifugal. Yasungulwa yi-Deutsches Institut für Normung (DIN), le ndinganiso yadalwa ukuze kuhlanganiswe amajiyometri amabhokisi okugcwalisa amaphampu kanye nezivalo zemishini ezifanelana nawo, okwenza kube nokuhlanganiswa okubikezelwayo phakathi kwemishini ejikelezayo kanye nezingxenye zokuvala.

Nakuba ithathelwe indawo ngokusemthethweni yizindinganiso ezibanzi zaseYurophu, i-DIN 24960 isalokhu igxile kakhulu ekuqanjweni kwezinhlobo zobunjiniyela bezimboni. Inquma imingcele yendawo okumele ibe kuyo uphawu, iqinisekisa ukuthi izimpawu zomshini ezivela kubakhiqizi abahlukene zingashintshwa ngaphandle kokudinga ukushintshwa noma ukuguqulwa kwendlu yephampu.

Ububanzi, izinhlobo zesivalo, kanye nezimvilophu ezinobukhulu obuhlukahlukene

Ububanzi obuyinhloko be-DIN 24960 buchaza izimbobo ezinobukhulu bezimpawu zomshini ezisebenza kanye, ezingalingani, nezilinganiselayo. Isungula ubukhulu obujwayelekile besikhala ngaphakathi kwegumbi lokuvala lephampu, inquma ngqo ububanzi obuphezulu bangaphandle bokuvala, imbobo edingekayo yebhokisi lokugcwalisa, kanye nesikhala se-axial esidingekayo ukuze kucindezelwe kahle intwasahlobo. Indinganiso ihlukanisa ubude bezimpawu zibe yizimpawu ezithile, ikakhulukazi i-L1K (ubude obufushane bokusebenza) kanye ne-L1N (ubude obujwayelekile bokusebenza). Ngokunamathela kule mingcele eqinile yevolumu, abakhiqizi bemishini baqinisekisa ukuthi izimpawu zokuvala ezijwayelekile zilingana kahle ngaphakathi kwendlu ekhethiwe.

Ubukhulu bomgodi kanye nobukhulu bokufakwa

Isici esibalulekile se-DIN 24960 ukuqhubekela phambili kwayo okuhlelekile kosayizi bomgodi, okuvame ukuba phakathi kuka-10 mm kuya ku-100 mm ngokwenyuka okujwayelekile. Kububanzi bomgodi ngamunye (d1), indinganiso ichaza imbobo yebhokisi lokugcwala ehambisanayo (d3), ububanzi bangaphandle besihlalo (d7), kanye nobude obuqondile be-axial (L1K kanye ne-L1N) obudingekayo ukuze kufakwe. Lokhu kudala i-matrix ebikezelwayo yonjiniyela lapho beklama imigoqo yepompo kanye namakamelo okuvala.

Lezi zithiyo zobukhulu ziqinisekisa ukuthi ikhanda lesivalo elijikelezayo kanye nesihlalo esingashintshi zigcina isilinganiso esifanele sokucindezela lapho iphampu ihlanganiswe ngokuphelele. Lokhu kuvimbela kokubili ukuguguleka kobuso ngokweqile ekucindezelweni ngokweqile kanye nokuvuza okuvela emandleni anganele entwasahlobo.

Lokho i-DIN 24960 engakuchazi

Nakuba i-DIN 24960 icacile kakhulu mayelana nobukhulu bendawo, kubaluleke ngokulinganayo ukuqonda ukuthi yini engaphandle kobubanzi bayo. Indinganiso ayisho izinto zokwakha ubuso besivalo, ama-elastomer, noma i-metallurgy. Iphinde ishiye imikhawulo ethile yokusebenza, njengokucindezela okuphezulu, imingcele yokushisa, noma imikhawulo yesivinini seshaft, yize ngokomlando ihambisana nemiklamo yephampu ye-PN16 (16 bar). Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-DIN 24960 ayichazi i-geometri yangaphakathi yesivalo. Abakhiqizi bakhululekile ukusebenzisa iziphethu ezilodwa, iziphethu eziningi, noma iziphethu zamagagasi, uma nje ukuhlanganiswa okuphelele kuhambisana nemvilophu ejwayelekile ye-L1K noma ye-L1N.

Kungani i-DIN 24960 Isabalulekile

Naphezu kokuthi ithathelwe indawo ngokusemthethweni yimigomo yaseYurophu, igama le-DIN 24960 lisasetshenziswa kakhulu ekuthengeni, ekulungiseni, kanye nasekubunjweni kwezikhungo. Ukubaluleka kwalo okuhlala njalo kuhlobene nesisekelo esikhulu semishini yakudala kanye nokuthembela kweketanga lokuphakelwa komhlaba wonke ekusetshenzisweni okufushane okusekelwe, okuqondwa yiwo wonke umuntu.

Indlela ethuthukisa ngayo ukushintshana

Inani eliyinhloko le-DIN 24960 lisekhonweni layo lokwenza kube lula ukushintshana kwezingxenye okungenamthungo. Ezitshalweni zezimboni ezisebenzisa amakhulu amaphampu e-centrifugal, ukulinganisa kuma-seal ahambisana ne-DIN 24960 kuvumelaiminyango yokulungisaukuthola izingxenye ezithathelwa indawo ezivela kubathengisi abaningi ngaphandle kokwesaba ukungalingani kobukhulu. Lokhu kushintshana kushintshanisa ngempumelelo izivalo zezingxenye ezijwayelekile, kukhuthaza amanani okuncintisana futhi kunciphisa izithiyo zochungechunge lokuhlinzeka. Izikhungo ezishintshela kubukhulu be-DIN obujwayelekile zivame ukubika ukwehla kwama-SKU e-mechanical seal inventory ngo-30% kuya ku-40%, njengoba umklamo wesivalo esisodwa ungahlinzeka ngamamodeli amaningi ephampu kulo lonke isitshalo.

Lapho indinganiso isabhekiselwa khona

I-DIN 24960 isakhulunywa kabanzi ngokuhambisana ne-amaphampu amakhemikhali ajwayelekile, ikakhulukazi lawo akhelwe ngokwezincazelo ze-ISO 2858 kanye ne-DIN 24256. Lawa maphampu, aklanyelwe ukucindezela okuncane kwebha eyi-16, afaka amakamelo okuvala aklanyelwe ngqo ukwamukela izivalo ze-DIN 24960. Ngaphandle kweYurophu, abakhiqizi e-Asia naseMelika bavame ukusebenzisa "izinga le-DIN" njengesichazi sokumaketha nobunjiniyela ukuqinisekisa abathengi ukuthi bayahambisana nemishini ejikelezayo eklanywe nge-metric. Ngenxa yalokho, imidwebo yobunjiniyela, amashidi edatha ephampu, kanye nezincwadi ze-OEM emhlabeni wonke ziyaqhubeka nokucacisa i-DIN 24960 ukuqinisekisa ukuhambisana kwesakhiwo.

Indlela i-DIN 24960 eqhathaniswa ngayo ne-EN 12756

Ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-1990, iKomidi LaseYurophu Lokumisa Izindinganiso (i-CEN) lethula i-EN 12756 ukuze kuhlanganiswe amazinga okuvala okwenziwa kuwo wonke amazwe angamalungu aseYurophu. Le nqubo yamukela ngempumelelo i-DIN 24960, okusho ukuthi lokhu kokubili kuxhumene ngokuyisisekelo, yize kukhona umehluko ohlukile ekusetshenzisweni kwawo kanye nokuqamba amagama.

Umehluko obalulekile kanye nokufana

I-EN 12756 empeleni iyindlela yesimanje, ehlanganisiwe ye-pan-European ye-DIN 24960. Ubukhulu obuphathekayo—kufaka phakathi ubude obubalulekile bokusebenza be-L1K ne-L1N, ukwanda komgodi we-d1, kanye nobubanzi besihlalo se-d7—buhlala bufana phakathi kwalezi zindinganiso ezimbili. Isivalo esenziwe ku-DIN 24960 sizongena emzimbeni emgodini owenzelwe i-EN 12756, kanye nokuphikisana nalokho.

Kungani ukuhambisana nobukhulu bezinto kungahambisani ngokugcwele

Ngenkathi i-DIN 24960 kanye ne-EN 12756 ziqinisekisa ukuthi uphawu luzongena ngokoqobo endaweni ekhethiwe, ukuhambisana nobukhulu akusho ukuhambisana nokusebenza. Izivalo ezimbili ezihambisanayo nezijwayelekile ezivela kubakhiqizi abahlukene zingaba namazinga entwasahlobo ahlukene kakhulu, amasethi okucindezela e-elastomer, noma imikhawulo ye-Pressure-Velocity (PV). Isibonelo, uphawu olulodwa oluhambisana ne-DIN lungasebenzisa inhlanganisela yezinto ezibonakalayo enomkhawulo we-PV ongu-20 MPa·m/s, kanti olunye lufinyelela ku-50 MPa·m/s. Uma ithimba lokuthenga lishintsha lezi zivalo ngokusekelwe kuphela ekulinganeni kobukhulu, uphawu olulinganiselwe kancane lungase luwohloke ngokushesha ekushiseni kanye nokwehluleka kokushisa ngaphambi kwesikhathi lapho lubhekene noketshezi olunamandla aphezulu noma isivinini esiphezulu somgodi.

Nini ukukhetha izivalo ezijwayelekile

Izisimboli ezijwayelekile ezihambisana ne-DIN 24960 noma i-EN 12756 ziyisinqumo esihle kakhulu cishe ku-80% wezicelo ezijwayelekile, okuhlanganisaukwelashwa kwamanzi, ukudluliselwa kwamakhemikhali okuthambile, kanye nokucutshungulwa kwe-hydrocarbon okunomfutho ophansi. Onjiniyela kufanele bacacise lezi zingxenye ezijwayelekile lapho izimo zokusebenza ziwela ngaphakathi kwamapharamitha aphakathi (ngokuvamile ngaphansi kwamabha ayi-16 nangaphansi kuka-150°C) futhi lapho ukunciphisa izindleko eziphelele zobunikazi ngokuhlanganiswa kwempahla kuyinhloso eyinhloko. Ngokuphambene nalokho, koketshezi olunobuthi obukhulu, oluhlaselayo, noma olushisa kakhulu, oluklanywe ngokwezifisoizivalo zekhatrijingokuvamile kuthatha indawo yezivalo zezingxenye ezijwayelekile.

Indlela Yokufaka Isicelo se-DIN 24960 Ekuthengeni Nasekulungiseni

Ukuthola nokugcina izivalo zemishini ngaphansi kwendinganiso ye-DIN 24960 kudinga ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi okuqinile kanye nezinqubo zokuqinisekisa ezinembile. Ngenxa yokuthi indinganiso inquma ubukhulu kuphela, umthwalo uwela kubunjiniyela bokuthenga nokulungisa ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yezinto zokwakha kanye nokubekezelelana okuqondile kokukhiqiza.

Indlela yokuqinisekisa ukuthobela imithetho

Ukuqinisekisa ukuhambisana ne-DIN 24960 kuhilela ukuhlolwa okuqinile kobukhulu lapho kutholwa izingxenye. Ochwepheshe bokulungisa kumele basebenzise ama-micrometer nama-caliper alinganisiwe ukuze balinganise ubukhulu obubalulekile: ububanzi bangaphakathi benhlangano ejikelezayo, ububanzi bangaphandle besihlalo esimile (d7), kanye nobude be-axial obungacindezelwanga. Lezi zilinganiso kumele zibhekwe ngokuphambene nokubekezelelana okuvunyelwe yizinga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuqinisekisa ubude bokufaka obufanele (L1K noma L1N) ngesikhathi sokuhlanganiswa kubalulekile. Ochwepheshe bavame ukubhala ishaft ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uphawu lucindezelwe lube yi-millimeter eqondile echazwe yizinga, ukuvimbela amaphutha amakhulu okulayisha ubuso.

Izingozi ezivamile zokuthola ulwazi kanye nekhwalithi

Ingozi evame kakhulu yokuthola izinto ezihambisana ne-DIN 24960 seals ukungena kwama-clone ashibhile, angalandeli imithetho yemakethe. Nakuba lezi seals zingase zifane nobukhulu obukhulu bezinga elijwayelekile, zivame ukuba nezinkinga zokungabekezeleli kahle. Ukuthamba kobuso obuphansi kuyimbangela eyinhloko yokuvuza; ubuso be-seal obusezingeni eliphezulu kumele buhlanganiswe bube yi-flatness yama-band okukhanya angu-2 kuya kwangu-3 e-helium (cishe u-0.6 kuya ku-0.9 µm). Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-elastomer mbumbulu noma asezingeni eliphansi angabonisa ubulukhuni be-Shore obungalungile, okuholela ekukhishweni ngaphansi kwengcindezi noma ukwehluleka ukunikeza ukuvalwa kwesibili okwanele. Ukuthengwa kumele kuhlolwe abahlinzeki ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-metallurgy kanye ne-elastomer zihambisana nezidingo zokuhambisana kwamakhemikhali koketshezi oluthile olupompiwe.

Imibhalo edingekayo kanye nokubekezelelana

Ukuze kuncishiswe izingozi zokusebenza, ama-oda okuthenga ama-seal e-DIN 24960 kufanele agunyaze imibhalo ethile, kufaka phakathi izitifiketi zokuhlola izinto ze-EN 10204 3.1 zezingxenye zensimbi kanye nokulandelela kwe-batch yama-elastomers. Indinganiso incike ekubekezeleni okuqinile komshini ngaphakathi kwendlu yepompo uqobo. Imbobo yebhokisi lokugxusha ngokuvamile idinga ukubekezeleka kwe-H8, kuyilapho i-shaft yepompo kufanele ibekwe kumshini ukuze ibekezeleke kwe-h6 noma i-h8. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuphela kobuso bomshini lapho i-O-ring enamandla iphumule khona kumele kugcinwe ku-roughness ephezulu ye-Ra 1.6 µm ukuvimbela ukuguguleka okunamandla kwi-elastomer ngesikhathi sokunyakaza kwe-axial okubonakalayo.

Indlela Yokunquma Isikhathi Sokusebenzisa I-DIN 24960

Ukunquma ukuthi kufanele kucaciswe yini uphawu lwe-DIN 24960 noma ukhethe uphawu lwe-cartridge oluklanywe ngobunjiniyela kuyisinqumo esibalulekile esithinta izilinganiso zokuthembeka kwesakhiwo kanye nesabelomali sokulungisa. Lesi sinqumo kumele silinganisele izindleko zangaphambilini, ubunzima bokufakwa, kanye nokuzinza kokusebenza kwesikhathi eside.

Izindlela zokuthatha izinqumo zobunjiniyela kanye nokuthengwa kwempahla

Amaqembu obunjiniyela kanye nokuthengwa kwempahla kumele ahlole izimo ezithile ze-hydraulic kanye nezemvelo zephampu. Izivalo ezingalingani ze-DIN 24960 ngokuvamile zikhawulelwe ekucindezelweni okungaphansi kwamabha ayi-16, kuyilapho izinguqulo ezilinganisiwe ezihambisana nezimvilophu ezifanayo zingasebenza kuze kufike kumabha ayi-25. Imikhawulo yokushisa inqunywa kakhulu yi-elastomers ekhethiwe, ngokuvamile kusukela ku--20°C kuya ku-200°C kuma-compounds ajwayelekile e-FKM noma e-EPDM. Uma ukusetshenziswa kudlula le mingcele, noma uma uketshezi luyi-hazardous volatile organic compound (VOC) edinga ukuhambisana ne-API 682 kanye nokuhlelwa kwe-dual-seal, izivalo ze-DIN 24960 ezijwayelekile azanele, futhi izinhlelo zokuvala eziqinile, ezikhethekile kumele zisetshenziswe.

Indlela yokulinganisela ukulinganisa, isitokwe, kanye nokusebenza

Ukulinganisa ukulinganisa ukusebenza kahle kudinga ukuhlaziywa kwe-Total Cost of Ownership (TCO). Izivalo zezingxenye ezijwayelekile ze-DIN 24960 ngokuvamile zibiza kancane ngo-40% kuya ku-60% kusengaphambili kunezivalo ze-cartridge ezihlanganiswe ngaphambilini. Kodwa-ke, izivalo zezingxenye zidinga ukuphathwa ngokucophelela kanye nabasebenzi abanekhono eliphezulu ukuze zifakwe kahle, kanti ukufakwa okuvamile kuthatha amahora amabili kuya kwamane ukuqinisekisa ukusethwa okufanele kobude bokusebenza kanye nokuvimbela ukungcola kobuso. Izikhungo ezinezivivinyo eziqeqeshwe kakhulu.amaqembu okulungisakanye nomyalelo wokugcina izindleko zempahla ziphansi kuzozuza kakhulu ngokulinganisa ku-DIN 24960. Ngokuphambene nalokho, izitshalo ezihlushwa ukushintshwa okuphezulu noma lezo ezibeka phambili ukulungiswa okusheshayo kwesikhathi esimaphakathi (MTTR) zingathola ukuthi izindleko zokuqala eziphezulu zezimbobo zekhatriji zincishiswa ukufakwa kwazo kwe-plug-and-play, okwenza izithiyo zobukhulu be-DIN 24960 zingafaneleki kangako kumodeli yazo yokusebenza ethile.

Izinto Ezibalulekile Okufanele Uzicabangele

• Iziphetho ezibaluleke kakhulu kanye nesizathu se-DIN 24960 Mechanical Seal Standard
• Imininingwane, ukuhambisana, kanye nokuhlolwa kwengozi okufanele kuqinisekiswe ngaphambi kokuthi uzibophezele
• Izinyathelo ezilandelayo ezisebenzayo kanye nezixwayiso abafundi abangazisebenzisa ngokushesha

imibuzo ejwayelekile ukubuzwa

Yini i-DIN 24960 eyilinganisayo ngezivalo zemishini?

Ilinganisa ubukhulu bokufakwa kanye nobude bokusebenza kwamakamelo okuvala amaphampu, ukuze izivalo zikwazi ukulingana ngokushintshana ngaphandle kokushintsha indlu yephampu.

Ingabe i-DIN 24960 ichaza izinto zokuvala noma imikhawulo yokucindezela?

Cha. Ihlanganisa kakhulu ubukhulu, hhayi izinto zobuso, ama-elastomer, i-metallurgy, noma ingcindezi eqondile, izinga lokushisa, kanye nezilinganiso zesivinini.

Yini i-L1K ne-L1N ku-DIN 24960?

Ziyizilinganiso zokusebenza ezijwayelekile: I-L1K inguqulo emfushane, kanti i-L1N inguqulo evamile. Ukulinganisa ubude obufanele kubalulekile ukuze kulingane kahle futhi kucindezelwe.

Kungani i-DIN 24960 isabalulekile ekunakekelweni kwephampu?

Amaphampu amaningi akudala asayisebenzisa. Ukulandela i-DIN 24960 kusiza amaqembu okulungisa ukuthi ashintshe izivalo ngokushesha futhi kuncishiswe izinkinga zokuhambisana phakathi kwemikhumbi yamaphampu exubile.

Ingabe iVictor Seals ingahlinzeka ngezivalo zokufaka esikhundleni ezihambisana ne-DIN 24960?

Yebo. I-Victor Seals inikeza izivalo zemishini ezijwayelekile nezihambisana ne-OEM zokulungisa ipompo yezimboni, okusiza abathengi ukuthi bafanise izivalo ze-DIN ezingosayizi wezinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi zepompo.