Kungani Isivalo Esisha Semishini Sihluleka Ngokushesha Ngemva Kokufakwa?

Kungani Isivalo Esisha Semishini Singawa Ngokushesha Ngemva Kokufakwa

Umauphawu lomshini olusanda kufakwauma ihluleka ngokushesha lapho ipompo iqala ukusebenza noma phakathi namahora okuqala angu-48 okusebenza, lesi sigameko sihlukaniswa njengokwehluleka kokushona kwezinsana. Ngaphansi kwezimiso zokusebenza ezijwayelekile ezihambisana neziqondiso ze-API 682, uphawu lomshini oluchazwe kahle nolufakwe kahle kulindeleke ukuthi lufinyelele i-Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF) okungenani izinyanga ezingu-36. Ukwehliswa kwalesi sikhathi sokuphila kube amahora ayi-zero kubonisa ukuwohloka okubalulekile kwezinqubo zokufaka, ukucaciswa kwesistimu, noma izinqubo zangaphambi kokugunyazwa.

Ukwehluleka okusheshayo akuvamile ukukhomba ukuguguleka kwemvelo; kunalokho, kusebenza njengesibonakaliso sokuxilonga sokungahambisani kahle okukhulu, ukusebenza okomile, noma ukungalingani okukhulu kwamakhemikhali. Ukuqonda izimbangela eziyinhloko zalokhu kwehluleka okusheshayo kubaluleke kakhulu konjiniyela bokuthembeka, njengoba ukufakwa okuphindaphindiwe ngaphandle kokubhekana nenkinga yesistimu eyisisekelo kuzoholela emiphumeleni efanayo eyinhlekelele.

Izingozi Zezentengiselwano Zokwehluleka Kokuvala Ngokushesha

Imiphumela yezezimali yokwehluleka kokuvala okusheshayo kwemishini idlula kakhulu izindleko zokuthenga ingxenye yokufaka esikhundleni. Ezimbonini zenqubo eqhubekayo njengokuhlanza ama-hydrocarbon noma ukukhiqizwa kwamakhemikhali, isikhathi sokungasebenzi kwephampu esingahleliwe singadala ukulahlekelwa okukhulu kokukhiqiza. Uma iphampu esanda kuqaliswa kufanele isuswe ngokushesha ngemva kokuguqulwa, ukuphazamiseka kuqhuma kulo lonke uhlelo lokukhiqiza.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwehluleka kokuvala ngokushesha kuvame ukuholela ekukhishweni okungazelelwe koketshezi lwenqubo. Uma indawo epompiwe iyingozi, iguquguqukayo, noma inobuthi, izikhungo zibhekene nezijeziso eziqinile zomthetho. Isibonelo, imithethonqubo yezemvelo mayelana nama-Volatile Organic Compounds (ama-VOC) ivame ukugunyaza imikhawulo eqinile yokukhishwa komoya; ukwehluleka kokuvala okukhipha ama-VOC adlula imikhawulo ethile yomthetho kubangela ukubika okuphoqelekile, isinyathelo sokulungisa ngokushesha, kanye nezinhlawulo ezingaba khona, okwandisa ingozi yezentengiselwano.

Kungani Ukuvuza Kwasekusenesikhathi Kufanele Kuthathwe Ngokungathi sína

Ukuphatha ukuvuza kusenesikhathi njengento encane ephazamisayo kune-alamu yesistimu ebalulekile kuyiphutha elivamile lokusebenza. Nakuba ukukhala okuncane kungenzeka ngezikhathi ezithile ngesikhathi sokuqala sokuphazamiseka kobuso besivalo, ukuconsa noma ukufutha okusheshayo, okuzinzile kubonisa isikhombimsebenzisi sokuvala esiyinhloko esilimele noma i-elastomer yesibili eyonakele. Ukungayinaki lokhu kuvuza kubeka engcupheni ubuqotho benhlangano yonke ejikelezayo.

Uketshezi lwenqubo oluphuma ebhokisini lokugxusha ngokucindezela kwesistimu lunga-atomu, kudale izimo eziqhumayo noma amafu anobuthi obunomusi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uketshezi lwenqubo oluvuzayo emgodleni luzongena ngokushesha endlini yokubeka. Ukungcoliswa uwoyela wokugcoba othwalayo ngamanzi amancane noma uketshezi lwenqubo olubolayo kunganciphisa kakhulu impilo yokubeka, okuholela ekwehlulekeni kwesibili okubi kakhulu kwangaphakathi kwephampu.

Kusho Ukuthi Ukwehluleka Kwesivalo Esisheshayo Kusho Ukuthini

Ukuxilonga ukwehluleka kwe-mechanical seal okusheshayo kudinga ukuchaza ukuthi yini ngempela ehlukanisa ukwehluleka uma kuqhathaniswa nesimo sokusebenza esilindelekile. Izindinganiso zemboni ziyaqaphela ukuthi i-mechanical seal zenzelwe ukuvuza nge-microscope ukuze kugcinwe ifilimu ewuketshezi phakathi kobuso obujikelezayo nobunganyakazi. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlukanisa phakathi kokuziphatha okuvamile kokugunyazwa kanye nomngcele we-seal ophazamisekile kuyisinyathelo sokuqala ekuxazululeni izinkinga ngempumelelo.

Ukukhala Okuvamile Kokuthuma vs. Ukwehluleka Kwangempela

Ngesikhathi sokuqala kokuqalisa ipompo, ubuso bekhabhoni ne-silicon carbide (noma i-tungsten carbide) be-mechanical seal budlula isikhathi esifushane sokugoqa noma sokugqekeza. Kujwayelekile ukuthi i-seal esanda kufakwa ibonise ukuklebhuka okuncane—ngokuvamile okuchazwa njengamaconsi ambalwa ngomzuzu. Lokhu klebhuka kufanele kwehle kancane kancane futhi kuphele ngokuphelele phakathi namahora okuqala angu-24 kuya kwangu-48 njengoba ubuso buvumelana.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukwehluleka kwangempela okusheshayo kuvela njengokugeleza okuqhubekayo, ukufutha okukhulu, noma izinga lokuvuza elinomthamo okudlula ngokusobala ukulindela okuvamile kokungena. Uma ukuvuza kungapheli ngemva kokuba ipompo ifinyelele izinga lokushisa lokusebenza elijwayelekile, noma uma umthamo woketshezi udlula umgodi wokukhipha amanzi, uphawu luba sengozini enkulu.

Izingxenye Zesivalo Esiyinhloko Namaphuzu Okuvuza Okufanele Uwahlole

Lapho behlola uphawu olungasebenzi, ochwepheshe kumele bahlukanise indlela ethile yokuvuza.Isivalo somshini siqukethe izinto eziningiamaphuzu okwehluleka okungenzeka, ahlukaniswe ngezinto zokuvala eziyinhloko nezesibili. Indawo yokuvuza eyinhloko iyisixhumi esiguquguqukayo phakathi kobuso obujikelezayo nobunganyakazi. Uma lobu buso buqhekekile, buphambukile ngokushisa, noma bubanjwe buvulekile yizinto ezincane, ukuvuza okukhulu kuzokwenzeka ngqo emshaft.

Amaphuzu okuvuza kwesibili ahilela izingxenye ze-elastomeric, ikakhulukazi ama-O-rings noma ama-wedges aguquguqukayo. Ama-Dynamic O-rings adinga izinga lokucindezela eliqondile ukuze kugcinwe uphawu ngenkathi kuvumela indlela yentwasahlobo ukuthi iqhubekisele phambili ubuso bophawu. Uma i-O-ring icindezelwa ngesikhathi sokufakwa, ikhishwa ngenxa yokucindezela okukhulu, noma yonakaliswe ngamakhemikhali, uketshezi luzodlula ubuso obuyinhloko ngokuphelele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-gland gasket—uphawu oluqinile phakathi kwe-seal gland kanye ne-pump casing—kumele ihlolwe ukuthi ayihlali kahle noma i-bolt torque enganele.

Izimo Zokusebenza Okufanele Zibhalwe Ngaphambi Kokuxazulula Izinkinga

Ngaphambi kokuhlakaza iphampu ukuze kuhlolwe uphawu oluhlulekile, amaqembu okuthembeka kumele abhale phansi izimo zokusebenza eziqondile ezikhona ngesikhathi sokwehluleka. Ukuhlaziywa kwangemva kokufa kuvame ukuvinjelwa ukuntuleka kwedatha eyisisekelo. Abasebenzi kufanele babhale phansi ingcindezi yokumunca, ingcindezi yokukhipha, kanye nobukhulu obuthile boketshezi ngesikhathi sokuqalisa.

Ukwehluka kwezinga lokushisa kubaluleke kakhulu. Izinga lokushisa loketshezi lwenqubo olungena empompini, izinga lokushisa loketshezi lwe-seal flush, kanye nezinga lokushisa elizungezile lebhokisi lokugcwala kufanele libhalwe phansi. Ukwehluka okukhulu kwezinga lokushisa phakathi koketshezi lwenqubo kanye nezinga lokushisa loketshezi olulindelekile kungabonisa ukuntuleka kokugeleza kokupholisa, okuholela ekushiseni koketshezi ngokushesha kanye nokusebenza okomile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukubhala phansi i-RPM eqondile kanye nanoma iyiphi idatha yokudlidliza eqoshiwe kuzosiza ekunqumeni ukuthi ukuphambuka okukhulu komgodi kube nomthelela yini ekwehlulekeni.

Amaphutha Okufaka Abangela Ukwehluleka Kwesivalo Sokuqala

Ukuhlaziywa kwezibalo zokwehluleka kwemishini ejikelezayo kubonisa ukuthi amaphutha abantu kanye nokufakwa okungafanele yikho okudala inani elikhulu lamacala okufa kwezinsana ezimpahleni zemishini. Ngisho nezixazululo zokuvala ezichazwe kakhulu, ezenziwe ngokwezifiso zizohluleka ngokushesha uma ukubekezelelana kwemishini yephampu kungaqinisekiswanga noma uma izinqubo zokufaka ezibalulekile zingalandelwa abasebenzi bokulungisa.

Ubude Bokusetha Okungalungile, Ukugeleza Komgodi, Nokucindezeleka Kwepayipi

Isivalo somshini sithembele kuukuzinza okunembile kobukhulu bomshafti wephampu. Ngaphambi kokuba kufakwe noma yisiphi isivalo, umshafti kumele uhlolwe ukuthi awusebenzi, awusebenzi kahle, futhi awusebenzi kahle. Imikhuba emihle yemboni (njenge-API 610) iyalela ukubekezelelana okuqinile kokufundwa kwe-Total Indicator (TIR) ​​maqondana nokugijimela komshafti ngemisebe kanye nokudlala kokuphela komshafti we-axial. Uma isivalo sifakwe emshaftini odlula la ma-tolerance, ubuso obuguquguqukayo ngeke bukwazi ukulandelela ubuso obungashintshi, okuholela ekuvulekeni okusheshayo kwesikhala sesivalo.

Ubude bokusetha obungalungile bungenye imbangela eyinhloko yokwehluleka kwe-seal yezingxenye. Uma i-seal ibekwe emuva kakhulu, izipilingi ngeke zibe nokucindezeleka okudingekayo ukugcina ubuso buvaliwe ngaphansi kwengcindezi yoketshezi oluguquguqukayo. Ngokuphambene nalokho, uma icindezelwe kakhulu, ifilimu yoketshezi iyacindezelwa, okuholela ekubhujisweni okusheshayo kokungqubuzana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukucindezeleka kwepayipi—okubangelwa ukuphoqa ama-flange epayipi angahlelekile kahle kuma-nozzles epompo—kungaphazamisa i-casing yepompo. Lokhu kuphazamiseka kuphazamisa ibhokisi lokugcwala uma kuqhathaniswa ne-shaft, okubangela ukuthi ubuso be-seal busebenze ngendlela engavamile futhi buhluleke lapho kuqala.

Ukuphuma Komile, Umoya Ongemuhle, Nokugcotshwa Okwanele

Ubuso be-seal obusebenza ngomshini buklanywe ukuze busebenze efilimini encane yoketshezi, ngokuvamile bulinganiswa ngezingxenyana ze-micron ngobukhulu. Uma iphampu iqalwa ngaphandle kokukhipha umoya kahle ekhasejini kanye nebhokisi lokugxusha, umoya noma umhwamuko ubhajwa ebusweni be-seal. Lesi simo, esaziwa ngokuthi ukugeleza okomile, siyinhlekelele.

Ngaphandle kwezakhiwo zokugcoba nokupholisa zoketshezi lwenqubo, ukungqubuzana phakathi kobuso be-silicon carbide obujikelezayo nobuso be-carbon obungaguquki kuzokhiqiza ukushisa okukhulu. Amazinga okushisa kobuso angakhuphuka ngokushesha ngesikhathi sokusebenza okomile. Lokhu kushaqeka okukhulu kokushisa kubangela ukuthi ubuso buhlole ukushisa (bube nemifantu emincane), bube nama-blister, noma buqhekeke ngokuphelele. Izinqubo ezifanele zokungenisa umoya, okuhlanganisa ukusetshenziswa kwama-valve omoya ovalayo kanye nokuqinisekisa ukuthi imigqa yokuvula ivaliwe ngokuphelele ngaphambi kokusebenzisa imoto, kuyizidingo ezingaxoxiswani ukuze kusebenze ngempumelelo.

Izindlela Ezinhle Zokufaka Izivalo Ze-Cartridge Mechanical

Izivalo ze-cartridge mechanical zakhiwe ngqo ukuze kuncishiswe amaphutha okufakwa ngokuhlanganisa ubuso, izipilingi, nama-elastomer kusengaphambili esikhwameni esisodwa. Kodwa-ke, azivikelekile ekuphathweni okungafanele. Elinye lamaphutha avame kakhulu okuholela ekwehlulekeni ngokushesha ukususwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi kweziqeshana zokusetha (noma amathebhu aphakathi). Lezi ziqeshana zigcina ukulungelelaniswa okuqondile kwe-axial kanye ne-radial kwezingxenye zesiqeshana. Kumelwe zisuswe kuphela ngemva kokuba ipuleti le-gland liboshwe ngokuqinile esikhaleni sephampu futhi izikulufu ezibekiwe zikhiyelwe kushaft.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-bolt e-gland plate kumele aqiniswe kusetshenziswa iphethini ye-crisscross ene-torque wrench elinganisiwe. Ukuqinisa okungalingani kungaphazamisa ubuso obungaguquki. Kumaphampu ajwayelekile e-ANSI/API, imininingwane ye-torque ye-gland bolt kumele ilandelwe ngokuqinile ngokweziqondiso zomenzi. Ukucindezela kakhulu uhlangothi olulodwa lwe-gland kungabangela ubuso obungaguquki ukuthi buthambe ngama-micrometer nje - okwanele ukuvimbela ubuso obujikelezayo ekusunguleni ifilimu yoketshezi efanayo, okuholela ekuvuza ngokushesha.

Incazelo kanye Nezimbangela Zenqubo Yokwehluleka Kwesivalo

Uma amaphutha okufaka kanye nokubekezelelana kwemishini kususiwe, ukwehluleka okusheshayo kokuvala kuvame ukukhomba ukungalingani okuyisisekelo phakathi kwencazelo yokuvala kwemishini kanye nezimo zangempela zenqubo. Ingxenye enkulu yokwehluleka kokuqala kokuvala kwenzeka ngoba ukwakheka kokuvala, i-metallurgy, noma izilawuli zemvelo azihambisani ngokuphelele nokuguquguquka koketshezi okukhona ngesikhathi sokuqalisa kwephampu.

Izinto Zobuso Ezingalungile, Ama-Elastomer, noma Ukucushwa Kwentwasahlobo

Ukukhethwa kwezinto zobuso kanye nama-elastomer esibili kumele kuhambisane kahle nokwakheka kwamakhemikhali kanye nokushisa koketshezi lwenqubo. Uma i-O-ring ejwayelekile ye-Fluoroelastomer (FKM) ifakwa kuma-hydrocarbons okushisa okuphezulu adlula imikhawulo yayo yokushisa, i-elastomer izobhekana nokucindezelwa okusheshayo noma ukuwohloka kokushisa, okufaka engcupheni uphawu ngokushesha. Ezimweni ezinjalo, ezinye izindlela zokushisa okuphezulu njenge-Perfluoroelastomers (FFKM) kumele zichazwe.

Ngokufanayo, ukwakheka kwentwasahlobo kumele kuhambisane nezakhiwo zoketshezi. Uma kusetshenziswa uphawu lwentwasahlobo olunama-coil amaningi oketshezini oluqinile noma olugcwele izinhlayiya (njengezansi zikawoyela ongahluziwe noma isitokwe sephepha), izinhlayiya zizovaleka ngokushesha lapho ziqala ukusebenza. Ukulahlekelwa ukusebenza kwentwasahlobo kuvimbela ubuso be-seal ukuthi bungavaleki, okuholela ekuvuza okukhulu. Kulezi zinhlelo zokusebenza,isiphethu esinekhoyili eyodwanoma ukwakheka kwezinsimbi zensimbi ezimile kuyadingeka ukuvimbela ukungcola okusheshayo.

Ingcindezi, Izinga Lokushisa, Ukucindezeleka Komusi, kanye Nezinkinga Zokuqina

Ukwehluleka ukugcina umkhawulo ofanele womfutho womusi ngaphakathi kwebhokisi lokugxusha kuyimbangela eyinhloko yokuhwamuka kophawu ngokushesha. Ngokweziqondiso ze-API 682, umfutho ekamelweni lokugxusha kumele ugcinwe umkhawulo owanele (ngokuvamile u-3.4 bar / 50 psi) ngaphezu komfutho womusi woketshezi olupompiwe ekushiseni kokusebenza. Uma umfutho webhokisi lokugxusha wehla ngaphansi kwalo mkhawulo ngesikhathi sokuqalisa, ifilimu yoketshezi phakathi kobuso bophawu izokhanya ngokushesha ibe yigesi.

Ukuhwamuka kuphoqa ngamandla ubuso besivalo ukuhlukana futhi kubangele ukuthi indandatho engashintshi ixokozele. Lokhu kuxokozela kungaphula izingxenye ze-silicon carbide eziphukile ngemizuzwana embalwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma uketshezi lwenqubo luqukethe ukugcwala okuphezulu kwezinto eziqinile ezilengisiwe noma izinto ezisusa umswakama, futhi inhlanganisela yobuso obuqinile (isb., i-Silicon Carbide vs. i-Silicon Carbide) ingachazwanga, izinhlayiya ezisusa umswakama zizoshaya ubuso bekhabhoni obuthambile ngokushesha, zidale imisele ejulile evumela uketshezi ukuthi ludlule isikhombikubona sokuvala.

Amacebo Okufutha, Izinhlelo Zokucima, Ama-Barrier Fluids, kanye Nokupholisa

Ukulawulwa kwemvelo, okuqondiswa yizinhlelo zokuhlanza ze-API 682, kubalulekile ekushintsheni indawo ezungeze ubuso besivalo ngokushesha.uphawu oluphindwe kabili lwemishiniifakiwe kodwa uhlelo lwe-barrier fluid (isb., i-API Plan 53A) lucindezelwe ngendlela engafanele, ukwehluleka kuseduze. Ingcindezi ye-barrier fluid kumele igcinwe njalo ngaphezu kwengcindezi ephezulu yebhokisi lokugcwala. Uma ingcindezi yenqubo ikhuphuka ngesikhathi sokuqalisa futhi idlula ingcindezi ye-barrier, i-process fluid izophoqa ubuso be-inboard seal ukuthi buvuleke, bungcolise i-barrier fluid futhi bubhubhise i-seal.

Izinhlelo zokucisha kanye nezihibe zokupholisa nazo zidinga ukuqinisekiswa okuqinile. Uhlelo lwe-API 32, olufaka i-flush yangaphandle ehlanzekile egumbini lokuvalela, kumele lunikeze izinga lokugeleza elicacisiwe ukuze kuphole kahle ubuso futhi kususwe izinhlayiya. Uma umugqa wokuvalela uvaliwe, ungalingani, noma ubhekene nokwehla kwengcindezi evela ekhanda, i-seal izophelelwa ukugcotshwa futhi yehluleke ngokushesha.

Indlela Izitshalo Okufanele Zihlole Futhi Zivimbele Ukwehluleka Okuphindaphindiwe

Ukwephula umjikelezo wokwehluleka kokushona kwezinsana okuphindaphindiwe kudinga ukuthi izimboni zenze izinhlaka zokuxilonga eziqinile kanye nezinyathelo zokulawula ikhwalithi. Ukuthembela ekushintsheni izingxenye ezilula ngaphandle kokwenza i-Root Cause Analysis esemthethweni (RCA) kuqinisekisa ukuthi iphutha eliyisisekelo lomshini noma lesistimu lizobhubhisa uphawu olulandelayo. Ngokusebenzisa izinqubo zokuhlola ezihlelekile kanye nokuthengwa kwempahla, amaqembu okuthembeka anganciphisa kakhulu ukwehluleka okuphindaphindiwe okusheshayo.

Inqubo Yokuhlola Isivalo Semishini Ngesinyathelo Ngesinyathelo

Uma uphawu luhluleka ngokushesha, kumele lukhishwe ngokucophelela futhi luhlolwe ngokucophelela isinyathelo ngesinyathelo. Abasebenzi bokulungisa kufanele bagweme ukuhlanza uphawu ngaphambi kokuhlolwa, njengoba uketshezi lwenqubo olusele, imfucumfucu yendawo, noma impuphu eyomile inikeza izinkomba ezibalulekile. Ukuhlolwa kuqala ngezivalo zesibili: Ama-O-rings kufanele ahlolwe ngaphansi kokukhulisa ukuze kutholakale izimpawu zokukhishwa (okubonisa ukucindezela ngokweqile), ukuvuvukala kwamakhemikhali, noma ukuklwebha.

Okulandelayo, ubuso be-seal yokuqala kumele buhlaziywe. I-profilometer noma i-optical flat kufanele isetshenziswe esitolo sokulungisa esilawulwayo ukuhlola ukuthi ubuso buyacaba. Ubuso be-seal obuhambisana kahle kufanele bucaba bube ngaphakathi kwamabhande okukhanya e-helium angu-2 kuya kwangu-3 (cishe ama-micron angu-0.6 kuya ku-0.9). Uma ubuso bubonisa amaphuzu amakhulu agxilile, ukungcola kwezinhlayiya kuyimbangela eyinhloko. Uma ubuso be-carbon bubonakala buphakanyisiwe, bunamabala, i-seal ithole ukushaqeka okukhulu kokushisa okuvela ekusebenzeni okomile noma ukuhwamuka ngesikhathi sochungechunge lokuqalisa.

Isikhathi Sokufaka Kabusha, Ukulungisa, Noma Ukuthuthukisa Isivalo

Ngemva kokudilizwa, onjiniyela bezitshalo kumele banqume ukuthi bazolungisa yini uphawu oluhlulekile, bafake kabusha olunye oluzongena esikhundleni salo ngqo, noma bathuthukise ubuchwepheshe bokuvala. Uhlaka olulodwa lwesinqumo oluvamile phakathi konjiniyela bezitshalo umthetho wama-60%: uma izindleko zokubizaukulungisa uphawu lomshini(kufaka phakathi ubuso obugobile, ukufaka ama-elastomer esikhundleni, kanye nokuhlola) kudlula u-60% wezindleko zeyunithi entsha sha, ukuthengwa kwesivalo esisha kungcono ngokwezomnotho.

Kodwa-ke, uma ukuhlaziywa kokuhluleka kwembula ukuthi incazelo yesivalo sokuqala yayinephutha kakhulu ezimweni zenqubo, ukulungiswa noma ukushintshwa okuqondile akusebenzi. Isibonelo, uma isivalo sengxenye sihluleka ngokuphindaphindiwe ngenxa yamaphutha okufakwa ngokushintshwa kwabasebenzi bokulungisa, ukuthuthukela kusivalo sekhatriji esihlanganisiwe ngokuphelele kuyisenzo sokulungisa esisebenza kahle kakhulu. Uma ukuhluleka kwakungenxa yokuphakama kwengcindezi okungalawuleki ekuhlelweni kwesivalo esisodwa, ukuthuthukela ohlelweni lwesivalo olunengcindezi ephindwe kabili (i-API Plan 53 noma 54) kuyadingeka ukuze kuhlukaniswe ubuso besivalo ekuguquguqukeni kwenqubo.

Ukuthengwa, Ukugcinwa, kanye Nokulawulwa Kokufakwa

Okokugcina, ukuvimbela ukwehluleka kwe-seal okusheshayo kuqala isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokuba ipompo isuswe; kudinga ukuphathwa okuqinile kwempahla kanye nokulawulwa kwangaphambi kokufakwa. Izingxenye ze-elastomeric ngaphakathi kwe-mechanical seals zizwela ekuwohlokeni ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngenkathi izindinganiso ezifana ne-SAE ARP5316 zinikeza amakhodi okufaneleka kanye neziqondiso ezijwayelekile zokuphila kweshelufu kwama-polymers afana ne-Nitrile (NBR) kanye ne-Fluoroelastomers (FKM), lezi zikhathi zokuphila ziyahlukahluka ngokwezinga le-polymer futhi zisebenza kuphela uma zigcinwe ezindaweni ezilawulwayo.

Izivalo zemishini kumele zigcinwe ezindaweni lapho amazinga okushisa agcinwa ngaphansi kuka-25°C (77°F) kanye nomswakama ohlobene ugcinwe ngaphansi kuka-65%. Ukuchayeka ekukhanyeni okuqondile kwe-ultraviolet, i-ozone ekhiqizwa yizinjini zikagesi eziseduze, noma ukushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa okukhulu kuzokwenza ama-elastomer abe buthakathaka ngenkathi ehleli eshalofini. Lapho isivalo esonakalisiwe ekugcineni sifakwa, ama-O-rings aqinile awakwazi ukucindezela ukuze amise isivalo, okuholela ekuvuza ngesikhathi ipompo igcwele amanzi. Ukusebenzisa izilawuli zempahla ze-First-In, First-Out (FIFO) kanye nesitoreji esilawulwa yisimo sezulu kuyisidingo esiyisisekelo sokuvimbela ukwehluleka okusheshayo kwezivalo zemishini ezisanda kufakwa.

Izinto Ezibalulekile Okufanele Uzicabangele

• Phatha ukwehluleka kwesivalo phakathi nokuqala noma emahoreni okuqala angu-48 njengesenzakalo sokufa kwezinsana esidinga ukuhlaziywa kwembangela ngaphambi kokufaka esinye isivalo.
• Isivalo somshini esichazwe kahle nesifakiwe kufanele sivame ukuletha i-MTBF yezinyanga ezingaba ngu-36, ngakho-ke ukwehluleka kwehora eli-0 kukhomba inkinga enkulu yesistimu noma yokufaka.
• Ungakushayi indiva ukuconsa noma ukufafaza okuqhubekayo ngemva kokusebenzisa, ngoba uketshezi lwenqubo oluvuzayo lungangcolisa ama-bearings, ludale izingozi zomusi, futhi lubangele ukuvezwa okusemthethweni.
• Qinisekisa ukuthi igumbi lokuvala livuleka kanjani, ukugeleza kwamanzi, ukuqondanisa, ubukhulu bokufakwa, kanye nokuhambisana kwezinto ngaphambi kokuqala ukuze unciphise ingozi yokusebenza okomile kanye nokulimala kobuso.
• Misa iphampu ngokushesha uma kuvela ukuvuza okungavamile, ngoba ukuqala kabusha okuphindaphindiwe kungashintsha inkinga yokufaka elungisekayo ibe yiphampu, amabhereyitha, kanye nomonakalo wemvelo.

imibuzo ejwayelekile ukubuzwa

Kuyini ukwehluleka kokushona kwezinsana esivalweni somshini?

Kuwukwehluleka okwenzeka ekuqaleni noma phakathi namahora okuqala angu-48. Ukuze kube nesivalo esichazwe kahle nesifakiwe, lokhu kuvame ukubonisa iphutha lokufaka, ukusebenza okomile, ukungalungi kahle, ukungcola, noma ukungahambelani—hhayi ukuguguleka okuvamile.

Ingabe ukuvuza okuncane kuvamile ngemva kokufaka uphawu olusha lomshini?

Kungase kube nokuncipha okuncane kakhulu kokulila ngenkathi ubuso besivalo buqala uketshezi. Ukuvuza okuzinzile, ukufutha, noma ukuvuza okusheshayo akuvamile futhi kufanele kuphathwe njenge-alamu yokwehluleka.

Kungani uphawu olusha lomshini lungahluleka ngokushesha lapho ipompo iqala ukusebenza?

Izimbangela ezivamile zifaka phakathi ukusebenzisa isivalo esomile, ubude bokufakwa obungalungile, ama-elastomer abonakele, ukungalingani kahle komgodi, izinto zokuvala ezingalungile, imigqa yokugeza evalekile, noma umoya ovalelekile egumbini lokuvala.

Kufanele kuhlale isikhathi esingakanani uphawu lomshini olufakwe kahle?

Ngaphansi kwezimo zokusebenza ezijwayelekile ezihambisana nokulindelwe kwe-API 682, uphawu lomshini oluchazwe kahle nolufakwe kahle luvame ukulindeleka ukuthi lufinyelele i-MTBF yezinyanga ezingaba ngu-36 noma ngaphezulu.

Ingabe kufanele ngiyiqale kabusha ipompo uma uphawu olusha luvuza ngokushesha?

Cha. Ukuqala kabusha okuphindaphindiwe kungenza umonakalo wobuso ube mubi kakhulu, kungcolise amabheringi, futhi kukhiphe uketshezi oluyingozi. Misa iphampu, uyihlukanise ngokuphephile, bese uhlola ukufakwa, ukuthambisa, ukuhambisana, kanye nezimo zokusebenza.