Iyini i-Elastomer Bellow Mechanical Seal?

Iyini i-Elastomer Bellow Mechanical Seal

I-elastomer izwakala iphansiuphawu lomshiniiyithuluzi lokuvala ubuso elikhethekile kakhulu elenzelweimishini ejikelezayo, ikakhulukazi amaphampu e-centrifugal, ama-mixer, kanye nama-agitator. Ngokungafani nezimbozo zendabuko zokucindezela ezithembele kuma-O-rings ashukumisayo noma ama-V-rings ashelelayo emshaftini, lo mklamo usebenzisa ishubhu le-elastomeric elihlanganisiwe—elingaphansi—ukuvala igebe phakathi komshafti ojikelezayo kanye nobuso bokuvala obuyinhloko. Lo mklamo ususa ngokwemvelo isidingo sokuvala okwesibili okushelelayo, ngaleyo ndlela kuncishiswe ukushaqeka komshaftini kanye nokwehluleka kokulungisa okuhambisanayo.

Izivalo ezijwayelekile ze-elastomer ezingaphansi zivame ukukhiqizwa ngamadayamitha omgodi asukela ku-10 mm kuya ku-100 mm, yize kukhona ubukhulu obungokwezifiso bemishini ekhethekile yezimboni. Ngokuhlanganisa umsebenzi wokuvala wesibili, ukudluliselwa kwe-rotation drive, kanye nokuguquguquka kwe-axial kube yingxenye eyodwa ye-polymeric, onjiniyela bangafinyelela indlela yokuvala eqinile, ehlangene, futhi esebenza kahle kakhulu efanelekela uhla olubanzi lwezinhlelo zokuphatha uketshezi olunomfutho ophansi kuya kophakathi.

Izingxenye eziyinhloko kanye nomgomo wokusebenza

Ukwakheka kwesivalo somshini esingaphansi kwe-elastomer kugxile ezingxenyeni ezine eziyinhloko: indandatho eyinhloko ejikelezayo, indandatho yokuhlangana engaguquki, i-elastomer engaphansi kwayo, kanye nendlela yomshini wokusika. Izindandatho eziyinhloko kanye nezokuhlangana zakha isixhumi esiyinhloko sokuvala, esihlanganiswe sibe yisicaba esivame ukulinganiswa ngamabhande okukhanya e-helium ukuqinisekisa ukuvumelana okuncane kakhulu. Lezi zibuso zihlukaniswa kuphela yifilimu yoketshezi lwe-hydrodynamic ekhiqizwa yi-medium epomped.

Intwasahlobo yomshini—ngokuvamile eyintwasahlobo eyodwa eqinile yekhoyili—ibekwe ngemuva kobuso obuyinhloko. Inikeza amandla okuvala adingekayo ukuze kugcinwe ukuxhumana kobuso ngesikhathi sokuqalisa imishini, ukuvala, kanye nezikhathi zokucindezela okuphansi kwesistimu. Ngenxa yokuthi intwasahlobo ivame ukufakwa ngaphandle koketshezi olupompiwe noma ivikelwe yi-bellow, ayithinteki kalula ekuvalekeni noma ekugqwaleni uma kuqhathaniswa nezintwasahlobo eziningi ezincane ezitholakala kweminye imiklamo ye-pusher seal.

Indlela okungezansi okunikeza ngayo ukuvala kwesibili kanye nokuguquguquka

Isici esichazayo salesi sigaba sesivalo ukusebenza okubili kwesivalo. Esixhumini somgodi, ingxenye yomsila yesivalo se-elastomer inokulingana kokuphazamiseka. Lokhu kubamba okuqinile okuqinile kusebenza njengesivalo sesibili ngokumelene nesivalo, kuvimbela ukudlula koketshezi ngenkathi ngesikhathi esifanayo kudlulisa i-torque ejikelezayo ebusweni bokuvala obuyinhloko ngaphandle kwesidingo sezikulufo ezibekiwe noma izikhonkwane zokushayela.

Ngokwe-axial, ama-convolutions e-bellow ahlinzeka ngokuguquguquka okubalulekile. Njengoba ubuso besivalo esiyinhloko buguga ngokungenakugwenywa emahoreni amaningi okusebenza, i-bellow iyanwebeka ukuze igcine ukuxhumana. I-bellow ejwayelekile ye-elastomer ngokuvamile ingakhokhela ukudlala kwe-axial noma ukuguga kobuso okufika ku-2.0 mm. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu kuguquguquka kubamba ukungalungi kwe-angular kanye nokugeleza komgodi, kuqinisekisa ukuthi ubuso obuyinhloko buhlala bufana futhi ifilimu ye-hydrodynamic ihlala izinzile ngaphansi kwezimo zokusebenza eziguquguqukayo.

Kungani Izimbozo Zemishini Ezithambile Ze-Elastomer Zibalulekile

Ukubaluleka kwezimboni kwezimbobo ze-elastomer ezingaphansi kwemishini kuvela ekhonweni lazo eliyingqayizivele lokuxazulula izinkinga zokuthembeka okungapheli ezitholakala emiklamo ye-O-ring enamandla. Ezindaweni zokuphatha uketshezi, ukuthembeka kwemishini ejikelezayo kuhambisana ngqo nobuqotho bezimbobo zayo ze-shaft. Izimbobo ze-Elastomer zibhekana nezimbangela eziyinhloko zokwehluleka kokuvalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi, okuhunyushwa ngqo esikhathini eside sokusebenza kanye nezindleko zokulungisa ezincishisiwe.

Ngenxa yokuthi lezi zivalo ziqhuba ubuso obujikelezayo ngokusebenzisa ukungqubuzana okungaguquki kwe-bellow ku-shaft, ziqeda isimo sokukhukhumala kwe-shaft. Ukukhukhumala kwenzeka lapho i-O-ring enamandla iqhubeka nokushelela emuva naphambili ku-shaft ngenxa yokudlidliza noma ukuguguleka kobuso, ekugcineni igubha i-shaft noma i-sleeve. Ngokususa le modi yokwehluleka, izikhungo zigwema inqubo ebizayo nethatha isikhathi yokushintsha noma ukushintsha kabusha i-pump shafts.

Indlela ezithinta ngayo ukulawulwa kokuvuza

Ukulawulwa kokuvuza kwezivalo zemishini kuncike ekugcineni ukuxhumana okungaphazanyiswa phakathi kobuso bokuqala. Izivalo zendabuko zokucindezela zivame “ukulenga,” isimo lapho indandatho ye-O enamandla inamathela khona emgodleni ngenxa yokwakheka kwemfucumfucu, ukwakheka kwesikali, noma ukuqhuma kwendawo. Lapho kuphakama, isipilingi sangaphakathi asikwazi ukusunduza ubuso bokuqala phambili ukuze silungise ukuguguleka, okuholela ekuvuza okubi kakhulu.

Ama-seal angaphansi kwe-Elastomer awakwazi ukulenga ngoba uphawu lwesibili aluguquki uma luqhathaniswa nomgodi. Isenzo sokugoba se-bellow sihlala sivumela ukuguguleka kobuso kanye nokunyakaza komgodi ngaphandle kokudinga noma iyiphi ingxenye ukuthi ishelele. Ezinhlelweni ezihlelwe kahle ezisebenza ngaphakathi kwemingcele ethile, lo mklamo ugcina amazinga okukhishwa kwegesi okubalekayo kanye nokuvuza angaphansi kuka-0.1 mL/ihora, okuqinisekisa ukulandelwa kwemithetho eqinile yezemvelo kanye nokuphepha.

Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezivamile kanye namacala okusetshenziswa

Lezi zimbonakaliso zitholakala yonke indawo ezimbonini ezidinga ukuthembeka okuphezulu ngaphansi kwemingcele yokusebenza okumaphakathi. Ziyindlela ejwayelekile yokukhethaukwelashwa kwamanzi kamasipala kanye namanzi angcolile, amaphampu okujikeleza kwe-HVAC, izinhlelo zokuhlunga ichibi lokubhukuda kanye ne-spa, kanye nokucubungula ukudla neziphuzo lapho kudingeka khona ukuhambisana kwamakhemikhali okulingene. Ukuqina kwazo kuzenza zifaneleke kakhulu uketshezi olungeyona i-Newtonian noma izinto eziqukethe izinto ezincane.

Ngenxa yokuthi ayikho i-dynamic sliding secondary seal ukuze ivaleke, i-elastomer bellow seals ingaphatha ngempumelelo uketshezi olune-sliding solids kuze kufike ku-10% ngesisindo, uma nje ubuso be-primary seal bakhiwe ngezinto eziqinile njenge-Silicon Carbide noma i-Tungsten Carbide. Leli khono lokuphatha udoti liwenza abaluleke kakhulu kumaphampu okungenisa amanzi angavuthiwe kanye nezinhlelo zokunisela zezolimo lapho ubumsulwa boketshezi bungenakuqinisekiswa khona.

Indlela Izimbozo Ze-Elastomer Bellow Mechanical Eziqhathaniswa Ngayo Nezinye Izimbozo

Ukucacisa uphawu olufanele lwemishini kudinga ukuqonda ukuhwebelana kokusebenza phakathi kobuchwepheshe obuhlukene bokuvala. Izivalo ze-Elastomer ezigobile zinendawo ephakathi nendawo ehlukile neyigugu kakhulu phakathi kwezivalo ze-pusher ezibiza kancane, ezilungiswa kakhulu kanye nezivalo zensimbi ezigobile ezibiza kakhulu, ezisebenza kakhulu.

Nakuba zinikeza izinzuzo ezibalulekile kunezimbobo ezijwayelekile ze-O-ring pusher maqondana nokuthembeka nokulondolozwa kweshaft, zivinjelwe ukulinganiselwa okubonakalayo kwezinto ze-elastomeric ezakhiwe ngazo. Ukuhlola lo mehluko kubalulekile konjiniyela abanomsebenzi wokuthuthukisa ukuthembeka kwesitshalo nokulawula isabelomali sokuthenga.

Umehluko obalulekile wokusebenza

Umehluko oyinhloko wokusebenza phakathi kwezinhlobo zesivalo usekuphenduleni kwazo ku-shaft dynamics kanye nezimo zenqubo ezimbi kakhulu. Izivalo zokucindezela azibizi kodwa zisengozini yokulenga nokuphotha. Izivalo zensimbi ezifakwe emphethweni, ezakhiwe ngama-alloy afana ne-Hastelloy noma i-Inconel, zisusa ukuphotha futhi zingamelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu (ngokuvamile adlula u-400°C), kodwa zinezindleko ezinkulu ezingaba ngaphezulu ngokuphindwe kayishumi kuya kwamashumi amabili kunezinye izindlela ze-elastomeric.

Njengoba kuboniswe ku-matrix yokuqhathanisa, izivalo ze-elastomer ezigobile zinikeza izinzuzo zokusebenza komklamo we-bellow ongakhathali ngaphandle kwezindleko ezinkulu zemali ye-bellows yensimbi, okwenza kube ukukhetha okuhle kakhulu kwezicelo eziningi zokudlulisa uketshezi ezijwayelekile.

Ukucindezela, izinga lokushisa, kanye nokuhambisana kwamakhemikhali

I-envelope yokusebenza kwe-elastomer bellow seal ilawulwa ngokuqinile ukwakheka kwe-polymer kwe-bellow. I-Nitrile Rubber (NBR) iyindlela ejwayelekile yamanzi namafutha athambile, inikeza izinga lokushisa lokusebenza eliqhubekayo eliphakeme elingaba ngu-90°C. I-Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (EPDM) yandisa lo mkhawulo ufike ku-120°C futhi inikeza ukumelana okuhle kakhulu namanzi ashisayo, umusi, kanye nama-alkali athambile, yize yonakala ngokushesha lapho kukhona uketshezi olusekelwe kuphethiloli.

Kumakhemikhali anamandla kakhulu noma amazinga okushisa aphezulu, kusetshenziswa ama-elastomer e-Fluorocarbon (FKM/Viton), acindezela umkhawulo wokushisa ube cishe ngu-200°C. Imikhawulo yokucindezela ibaluleke ngokulinganayo; ngoba i-elastomer bellow iyi-polymer eguquguqukayo, isengozini yokuqhuma noma ukuphuma ngaphansi kwengcindezi ephezulu yesistimu. Ngenxa yalokho, izivalo eziningi ze-elastomer bellow ezingasekelwa zilinganiswa ngokucindezela okuphezulu kokusebenza phakathi kwebha engu-12 ne-16 (1.2 kuya ku-1.6 MPa). Ukudlula le mikhawulo kudinga ukushintshela kumklamo wesivalo olinganiselayo noma isivalo sensimbi.

Ukukhetha, Ukufakwa, kanye Nezici Zokusebenza

Ukufakwa ngempumelelo kwesivalo somshini esingaphansi kwe-elastomer kuncike kakhulu ezimisweni zokukhetha eziqinile kanye nezindinganiso zokufaka eziqinile. Ngisho nesivalo esenziwe kahle kakhulu sizohluleka ngaphambi kwesikhathi uma amapharamitha oketshezi lwenqubo edlula imininingwane yezinto ezibonakalayo, noma uma imikhuba emihle yemishini inganakwa ngesikhathi sokuhlanganiswa.

Onjiniyela kanyeochwepheshe bokulungisakumele basebenzise ukushintshwa kwesivalo njengenqubo elawulwa kakhulu, behlola imikhawulo ye-thermodynamic futhi baqinisekise ukuthi i-pump housing kanye ne-shaft kuhlangabezana nokubekezelelana okuqinile kobukhulu kanye nokuphela kobuso.

Indlela yokuhlola uketshezi, izinga lokushisa, kanye nengcindezi

Ukuhlola amapharamitha enqubo kudinga ukubala i-PV (Pressure-Velocity), emele ukushisa okukhuhlana okukhiqizwa ebusweni besivalo. Ukuze uthole isivalo esijwayelekile se-elastomer esingaphansi sisebenzisa i-Carbon graphite ngokumelene nobuso be-Aluminium Oxide (Ceramic), umkhawulo wokusebenza uvame ukuba ngu-10 kuya ku-15 MPa·m/s. Uma ipompo isebenza ngesivinini esiphezulu noma ukucindezela okuphezulu okudlula lo mkhawulo we-PV, ifilimu yoketshezi izohwamuka, okuholela ekusebenzeni okomile kanye nokuwohloka okusheshayo kokushisa kwe-elastomer.

Ukuhlolwa koketshezi kumele futhi kubhekele izimo zesikhashana. Uketshezi olungenabungozi ku-20°C lungase lube yingozi kakhulu ku-elastomer ekhethiwe ku-80°C. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uketshezi olucwebezelayo lapho luphola noma luvezwa emoyeni lungaqinisa isisekelo esikhona ngesikhathi sokuvalwa kwephampu, ludabule i-polymer lapho imishini iqala kabusha. Ezimweni ezinjalo, kungadingeka ukucima nokukhipha amanzi ezilawulini zemvelo.

Imikhuba yokufaka kanye nezindlela ezivamile zokwehluleka

Imikhuba yokufaka inquma ngqo isikhathi sokuphila kwesivalo.umgodi wepompo kumele ungabi nama-burrs, imihuzuko, kanye nemiphetho ebukhali engasika ububanzi bangaphakathi be-under ngesikhathi sokufakwa. Izindinganiso zemboni zibeka ukuqeda kobuso bomgodi ngokuvamile okuphakathi kuka-Ra 0.8 kuya ku-1.2 µm ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuvalwa okuzinzile kanye nokudluliselwa kwe-torque.

Imodi evamile yokwehluleka ukudabula i-bellow, okuvame ukubangelwa ukugcotshwa okungafanele ngesikhathi sokuhlanganiswa. Ochwepheshe kumele basebenzise amafutha ahambisana ne-elastomer ethile; isibonelo, ukusebenzisa amafutha asekelwe ku-petroleum ku-EPDM bellow kuzokwenza irabha ivuvuke, ithambise, futhi ekugcineni yehluleke ngaphansi kwe-torque ejikelezayo. Ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha a-silicone avunyelwe noma amanzi alula anensipho kuyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izihlalo ezingaphansi zilungile ngaphandle kokusonta.

Izindinganiso, imikhawulo, kanye neziqu zomhlinzeki

Ukuqinisekisa ukushintshana nokusebenza okuthembekile, abathengi kufanele bacacise izivalo ezihambisana nezindinganiso zobukhulu eziqashelwayo, ikakhulukazi i-EN 12756 (eyayikade iyi-DIN 24960). Ukunamathela kulezi zindinganiso kuqinisekisa ukuthi isivalo sizongena ngaphakathi kwamabhokisi ajwayelekile okufutha ngaphandle kwesidingo somshini wokugaya owenziwe ngokwezifiso noma amapuleti e-gland akhethekile.

Iziqu zomhlinzeki nazo zibaluleke kakhulu.Abathengi bezimbonikufanele iphoqelele abakhiqizi bezinti ukuthi babe nesitifiketi se-ISO 9001 futhi banganikeza ukulandeleka kwezinto ze-elastomer kanye nezinto zobuso. Abakhiqizi bekhwalithi ephezulu bavame ukugcina amazinga okukhubazeka kokukhiqiza engaphansi kakhulu kuka-0.5%. Ukucela idatha yokulawula inqubo yezibalo (i-SPC) yokuthamba kobuso kanye nokugxila okungaphansi kungavikela kakhulu ekutholeni izingxenye ezingaphansi kwezindinganiso.

Indlela Abathengi Okufanele Banqume Ngayo

Ukuthola izivalo ze-elastomer ngaphansi kwe-mechanical kudinga ibhalansi ehlelekile phakathi kwezindleko zeyunithi ezisetshenziswa kusengaphambili kanye nokuthembeka kokusebenza kwesikhathi eside. Nakuba lezi zivalo ngokuvamile zibhekwa njengezinto ezisetshenziswayo, ukuziphatha njengento ebiza kancane kungaholela esikhathini sokungasebenzi ngokweqile kokulungisa kanye nezindleko eziphelele zobunikazi (TCO).

Abathengi kumele bahlole izidingo ezithile zemikhumbi yabo yemishini ejikelezayo futhi bamise izindlela zokuthenga ezibeka phambili i-Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF) kunokonga okuncane ekusetshenzisweni kwemali yokuqala. Uhlaka lwesinqumo oluhlelekile luqinisekisa ukuthi imininingwane yesivalo ihambisana nemigomo yokuthembeka kwesitshalo.

Izindlela zokuthenga kanye nezindleko zomjikelezo wokuphila

Intengo yokuqala yokuthenga ye-elastomer bellow seal incike kakhulu kuvolumu kanye nokucushwa kwezinto. Izimbobo ezijwayelekile ze-NBR/Carbon/Ceramic ezithengwa ngobuningi obukhulu (Ubuningi be-Order obuncane bamayunithi ayi-100 kuya kwangama-500) zingabiza kancane njenge-$10 kuya ku-$50 ngeyunithi ngayinye. Kodwa-ke, ukuthuthukela ezintweni zobuso ze-premium njenge-Silicon Carbide (SiC) noma i-Tungsten Carbide (TC) ukuze kulwiwe nokugqokwa okunonya kuzokhulisa izindleko zangaphambilini ngo-30% kuya ku-50%.

Njengoba i-lifecycle cost matrix ibonisa, ukwanda okulinganiselwe kwezindleko zokuthenga izinto zobuso eziqinile kanye nama-elastomer aqinile kuqinisekiswa kalula ngokwandiso okukhulu ku-MTBF.

Izinto Ezibalulekile Okufanele Uzicabangele

• Iziphetho ezibaluleke kakhulu kanye nesizathu se-Elastomer Bellow Mechanical Seal
• Imininingwane, ukuhambisana, kanye nokuhlolwa kwengozi okufanele kuqinisekiswe ngaphambi kokuthi uzibophezele
• Izinyathelo ezilandelayo ezisebenzayo kanye nezixwayiso abafundi abangazisebenzisa ngokushesha

imibuzo ejwayelekile ukubuzwa

Iyini i-elastomer bellow mechanical seal esetshenziselwa yona?

Ivala imishini ejikelezayo efana namaphampu e-centrifugal, ama-mixer, kanye nama-agitator, ikakhulukazi ezinsizeni zokucindezela okuphansi kuya kokuphakathi lapho kudingeka khona ukulawulwa kokuvuza okuthembekile kanye nokugcinwa okulula.

I-elastomer bellow seal ihluke kanjani ku-pusher seal?

Isebenzisa i-elastomer eguquguqukayo engaphansi kwendandatho yesibili ye-O eshelelayo, esiza ekuvimbeleni ukukhukhuleka kwe-shaft, inciphise ingozi yokulenga, futhi yenza kube lula ukusebenza koketshezi olungcolile noma olusikayo.

Yiziphi izinzuzo eziyinhloko ze-elastomer ngaphansi kwe-mechanical seals?

Zinikeza ukwakheka okuqinile, izingxenye ezimbalwa ezinyakazayo ezivalekile, isinxephezelo esihle sokuguguleka, kanye nokuvikelwa okungcono ekuvuthweni okubangelwa ukunamathela kwe-O-ring kushaft.

Yiziphi izimboni ezivame ukusebenzisa izivalo ze-elastomer ezingaphansi?

Zisetshenziswa kabanzi ekuhlanzweni kwamanzi, ekucutshungulweni kwamakhemikhali, ezinhlelweni zasolwandle, ephethini nasephepheni, ezitshalweni zikagesi, kanye nasekugcinweni kwamaphampu ezimbonini okuvamile.

Ingabe iVictor Seals ingahlinzeka ngezivalo ezifakwe esikhundleni se-elastomer ezifakwe esikhundleni samaphampu e-OEM?

Yebo. I-Victor Seals inikeza izinketho zokufaka esikhundleni ezihambisana ne-elastomer ezihambisana ne-OEM zemikhiqizo efana ne-Grundfos, Flygt, Alfa Laval, IMO, Lowara, kanye ne-Allweiler zokulungisa nokulungisa.