Izisimbozo Zemishini Ezingacacile Ukuqonda Izingxenye Zazo Nezinhlobo Zazo

Izivalo Zemishini zibalulekile ekusebenzeni kwezimboni, zivimbela ukuvuza koketshezi emithonjeni ejikelezayo. Ukusebenza kwazo kuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle. Ukuqonda izinhlobo ezahlukene zezimpawuIzingxenye Zophawu Lomshini, njengalezo ezitholakala ku-Izivalo Zemishini Ezilinganiselayo Nezingalingani, kubalulekile. AUmkhiqizi Wezimbobo Zemishini eShayinainikezaIzinsizakalo zokuklama uphawu lwemishini ezenziwe ngokwezifiso, ucabangela izinto ezifanaIzinhlobo Zentwasahlobo Ezimpawini Zemishini.

Izinto Ezibalulekile Okufanele Uzicabangele

• Izimpawu zomshiniukuvimba ukuvuza koketshezi emiphini ejikelezayo, okugcina imishini isebenza kahle.
• Izingxenye ezahlukene njengobuso obujikelezayo, ama-O-rings, kanye nezipringi zisebenza ndawonye esivalweni somshini ukuvimbela ukuvuza.
• Ukukhetha uphawu olufanele lomshini kuncike ezintweni ezifana nosayizi, izinga lokushisa, kanye nohlobo loketshezi oluluphathayo.

Izingxenye Ezibalulekile Zezimpawu Zomshini

Ukuqondaizingxenye ngazinye zeZisimbozo Zemishinikwembula ukwakheka kwazo okuyinkimbinkimbi kanye nomsebenzi obalulekile. Ingxenye ngayinye idlala indima ebalulekile ekuvimbeleni ukuvuza nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuthembekile kwemishini ejikelezayo.

Izinto Eziyinhloko Zokuvala: Ubuso Obujikelezayo Nobumile

Izinto zokuvala eziyinhloko zakha inhliziyo yanoma yisiphi isivalo somshini. Lezi zakhiwe ubuso obubili obuklanywe kahle: obunye bujikeleza nomgodi kanti obunye bunganyakazi, obuvame ukufakwa endlini yepompo noma epuletini le-gland. Lezi ubuso bucindezelwa ndawonye, ​​​​budala ifilimu encane yoketshezi phakathi kwabo. Le filimu igcoba ubuso futhi ivimbele uketshezi lwenqubo ukuthi lungaphumi. Abakhiqizi bakhetha ngokucophelela izinto zalobu buso, njenge-silicon carbide, i-tungsten carbide, i-ceramic, ne-carbon, ngokusekelwe ezidingweni ezithile zohlelo lokusebenza zokuqina, ukumelana namakhemikhali, kanye nokuqhuba ukushisa.

Izinto Zokuvala Zesibili: Ama-O-Rings, Ama-Gasket, kanye nama-Bellows

Izinto zokuvala zesibili zinikeza ukuvala okungaguquki futhi zivumela ukunyakaza kwe-axial kobuso besivalo esiyinhloko. Zivimbela ukuvuza phakathi kwezingxenye zesivalo kanye nendlu yemishini noma umgodi. Izinhlobo ezivamile zifaka phakathi ama-O-rings, ama-gaskets, kanye nama-bellows. Ama-O-rings aguquguqukayo kakhulu, anikeza ukuvala okusebenzayo ezinhlelweni ezahlukahlukene. Izinto eziningi ezahlukene ziyatholakala kuma-O-rings, ngalinye lifanele izimo ezithile:

• I-Nitrile (i-Buna, i-NBR)
• I-Hydrogenated Nitrile (HNBR)
• I-Fluorocarbon (Viton®, FKM)
• I-Perfluoroelastomer (FFKM)
• I-Ethylene Propylene (EPM, EPDM)
• I-Silicone (VMQ)
• I-Fluorosilicone (FVMQ)
• I-Polyacrylate (ACM)
• I-Chloroprene (CR, Neoprene®)
• Irabha ye-Butyl (Isoprene, IIR)
• I-Tetrafluoroethylene Propylene (AFLAS®)
• I-Polyurethane (AU)

Lezi zinto ziphinde zibonise ukubekezelelana kwezinga lokushisa okuhlukile. Isibonelo, ama-Nitrile O-rings (NBR noma i-buna-N) ngokuvamile asebenza ngaphakathi kwezinga lokushisa eliphakathi kuka--31ºF no-248ºF, kuyilapho ama-Viton® O-rings (i-fluorocarbon) engamelana namazinga okushisa afinyelela ku-400ºF. Ithebula elingezansi libonisa imikhawulo evamile yokushisa yezinto ezahlukahlukene ze-O-ring:

Iziphethu Nendima Yazo Ezimpawini Zemishini

AmaSprings anikeza amandla okuvala abalulekileokugcina ubuso bokuqala bokuvala buxhumana njalo. La mandla aqinisekisa ukuthi uphawu lugcina ubuqotho balo ngisho nangesikhathi sokushintshashintsha kwengcindezi noma ukunyakaza okuncane kweshaft. Izipilingi zivala ukuguguleka kobuso besipilingi futhi zigcina ukuxhumana kobuso ngesikhathi sokuqala nokuvala imishini. Ziza ngemiklamo ehlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi izipilingi ze-single coil, multi-spring, kanye namagagasi, ngasinye sihlinzeka ngezinzuzo ezithile zezimo zokusebenza ezahlukene.

Ipuleti Lendlala kanye Nezindlu Zokuvala

Ipuleti le-gland, elaziwa nangokuthi ipuleti lokuvala noma isembozo, liqinisa izingxenye ezimile zesivalo somshini emishinini. Libopha ngqo ephampini noma endlini yokuxuba. Indlu yesivalo, noma igumbi lesivalo, linikeza isikhala lapho kuhlala khona yonke inhlangano yesivalo. Liqinisekisa ukuhambisana okufanele kanye nokugcinwa kwezingxenye zesivalo. Lokhu kuhlanganiswa kuvame ukufaka amachweba emigqa yokuhlanza noma uketshezi lokucima, okusiza ukuphatha indawo yesivalo.

Izingxenye Zesikhindi Seshafti Nezingxenye Zehadiwe

Isikhafu somshafti sivikela umshafti wephampu ekugugeni nasekugqwaleni. Sisebenza njengendawo yomhlatshelo. Izingxenye zesivalo ezijikelezayo zivame ukusebenza ngokumelene nalesi sikhafu. Lo mklamo uvimbela ukuguguleka nokugqwala komshafti wephampu obiza kakhulu futhi obalulekile. Ukufaka esikhundleni umshafti ogugile kulula kakhulu futhi kuyabiza kakhulu kunokufaka esikhundleni somshafti wonke. Lokhu kwandisa impilo yokusebenza komshafti wephampu futhi kwenza kube lula ukugcinwa. Ezinye izingxenye zehadiwe, njengezikulufo ezibekiwe, izikhonkwane zokushayela, kanye nezinamathiselo, ziqinisa izingxenye zesivalo emshaftini nangaphakathi kwepuleti ye-gland, ziqinisekisa ukuthi yonke inhlangano isebenza njengeyunithi ehlangene.

Ukuhlukanisa Izimbonakaliso Zemishini: Izinhlobo Ezivamile

Ukuqonda ukuhlukaniswa okuhlukene kwezimbobo zemishini kusiza onjiniyela ukukhetha ikhambi elifanele kakhulu lezinselelo ezithile zezimboni. Uhlobo ngalunye lunikeza izinzuzo ezihlukile ngokusekelwe ekwakhiweni kwalo kanye nezimiso zokusebenza.

Izimbozo Zomshini Zokucindezela vs. Ezingezona Ezicindezelayo

Umsunduziizimpawu zomshinibathembele eziphethwini noma ezimbotsheni ukuze “bacindezele” ubuso besivalo esiyinhloko ngokumelene nomlingani waso ongaguquki. La mandla angaguquki agcina ukuxhumana phakathi kobuso. Isivalo sesibili, ngokuvamile esiyi-O-ring, sishelela eceleni komgodi noma umkhono, okuvumela ubuso besivalo esiyinhloko ukuthi buhambe ngokuzungeza futhi bulungise ukuguguleka. Kodwa-ke, ekusetshenzisweni koketshezi olukhuhlayo noma oluqinile, isivalo sesibili ngezinye izikhathi “singalenga” ngenxa yokufakwa, okuvimbela ukuxhumana kobuso okufanele.

Izivalo zemishini ezingasebenzisi ukusunduza, ngokuphambene nalokho, azisebenzisi uphawu lwesibili olushelelayo. Esikhundleni salokho, izibhobo zensimbi noma zerabha eziguquguqukayo zinikeza amandla ajikelezayo okugcina ubuso besivalo buhlangene. Lo mklamo ususa amathuba okulenga, okwenza izivalo ezingasebenzisi ukusunduza zilungele izinsizakalo ezifaka uketshezi olungcolile, olukhuhlayo, noma olupholishayo. Zinikeza ukuthembeka okuthuthukisiwe ezindaweni eziyinselele.

Izimbozo Zemishini Ezilinganiselayo vs. Ezingalingani

Umehluko phakathi kwezivalo zemishini ezilinganiselayo nezingenakulinganisela ulele ekutheni ingcindezi ye-hydraulic ithinta kanjani ubuso besivalo. Izivalo ezingalinganiseli ziveza yonke indawo yobuso besivalo ekucindezelweni kwe-hydraulic yoketshezi lwenqubo. Lokhu kudala amandla okuvala aphezulu ebusweni besivalo. Nakuba kulula ekwakhiweni futhi ngokuvamile kungabizi kakhulu, izivalo ezingalinganiseli ngokuvamile zifanelekela ingcindezi ephansi kanye nesivinini. Ingcindezi enkulu ingaholela ekuthwaleni okuphezulu kobuso, ukwanda kokukhiqizwa kokushisa, kanye nokuguguleka ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

Izivalo zemishini ezilinganiselayo zinomklamo onciphisa ingcindezi ye-hydraulic esebenza ebusweni besivalo. Onjiniyela bafeza lokhu ngokushintsha indawo yobuso besivalo, bedala ngempumelelo isimo "esilinganiselayo". Lokhu kulayisha ubuso okuncishisiwe kuvumela izivalo ezilinganiselayo ukuthi zisebenze ngokuthembekile ngokucindezela okuphezulu nangesivinini. Zikhiqiza ukushisa okuncane futhi zizwa ukuguguleka okuncane, zandisa isikhathi sokuphila kwesivalo ezisetshenziswayo ezidinga amandla.

Izimbozo Zemishini Ye-Component vs. Cartridge

Izivalo zemishini zezingxenye zakhiwa izingxenye ngazinye ezidinga ukuhlanganiswa emshafini wemishini. Abafaki kumele balinganise ngokucophelela futhi babeke ubude bokusebenza kwesivalo ngesikhathi sokufakwa. Le ndlela inikeza ukuguquguquka ekukhetheni izinto futhi ingaba eyonga kakhulu kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza. Kodwa-ke, idinga ukufakwa okunembile ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okufanele futhi ingaba namaphutha amaningi okufakwa.

Izivalo ze-cartridge mechanical, njengalezo ezinikezwa yi-victor, ziza njengeyunithi ehlanganiswe ngaphambilini. Zihlanganisa ubuso besivalo, izivalo zesibili, izipilingi, kanye ne-shaft sleeve kanye ne-gland plate, konke okufakwe esikhwameni esivamile. Lo mklamo wenza kube lula ukufakwa, kunciphisa amathuba amaphutha futhi kunciphise isikhathi sokungasebenzi. Ochwepheshe bamane baslayide iyunithi yekhatriji emshafini bese beyibopha emishinini. Lokhu kulula kokufakwa kanye nokuthembeka okungokwemvelo kwenza izivalo zekhatriji zibe ukukhetha okuthandwayo ezimbonini eziningi.

Izimbozo Ezikodwa vs. Ezimbili Zemishini

Izivalo zomshini ezilodwa zisebenzisa isethi eyodwa yobuso bokuvala obuyinhloko ukuze ziqukethe uketshezi lwenqubo. Ziyizinhlobo ezivame kakhulu futhi zifaneleka ezinhlotsheni eziningi zezicelo lapho uketshezi lwenqubo lunikeza ukuthambisa okwanele futhi lungeyona ingozi. Zinikeza ikhambi lokuvala elingabizi futhi eliqondile.

Izivalo ezimbili zemishini zifaka amasethi amabili obuso obuyinhloko bokuvala, obuhlelwe ngemuva komunye nomunye, eceleni komunye, noma ubuso nobuso. Uketshezi oluvimbelayo lujikeleza phakathi kwalezi zivalo ezimbili, luhlinzeka ngokuthambisa, ukupholisa, kanye nesendlalelo esengeziwe sokuvimbela. Lo mklamo unikeza ukuphepha okuphezulu nokuthembeka, ikakhulukazi ezicelweni ezibalulekile. Izivalo ezimbili ziyadingeka ku:

• Ukuvala uketshezi oluyingozi
• Ukuvala uketshezi oluqukethe izinto ezisusa ukuvuvukala
• Ukuvala uketshezi olubolayo
• Izicelo ezijwayelekile
• Izicelo ze-slurry eziphakathi nendawo kuya kwezinzima
• Izicelo ezinzima ezifana nokupompa amapayipi kawoyela, ukujova amanzi, kanye nemisebenzi yokuphakelwa kwebhoyila
• Izindawo ezinzima embonini yezimayini

Izivalo Zomshini Ezimanzi vs. Ezisebenza Ngomshini Owomile

Izivalo zemishini ezisebenza ngokumanzi zithembele efilimini yoketshezi phakathi kobuso bazo ukuze zigcotshwe futhi ziphole. Le filimu yoketshezi ingaba uketshezi lwenqubo uqobo noma uketshezi oluhlukile lokuvimba. Iningi lezivalo zemishini ezivamile zisebenza ngendlela emanzi, njengoba ifilimu yoketshezi ivimbela ukuthintana ngqo nokuguguleka kobuso bezivalo. Ukugcotshwa okufanele kubalulekile ukuze zihlale isikhathi eside futhi zisebenze kahle.

Izivalo zomshini ezisebenza ngomshini ezomile zisebenza ngaphandle kokugcotshwa koketshezi ebusweni besivalo. Ngokuvamile zisebenzisa izinto ezikhethekile, njengekhabhoni ezigcotshwayo, ukunciphisa ukungqubuzana nokuguguleka. Lezi zivalo zenzelwe ukusetshenziswa okuthile lapho ukugcotshwa koketshezi kungathandeki noma kungenzeki. Izivalo ezisebenza ngomshini ezomile zisetshenziswa ku:

• Imboni yamakhemikhali: Zifanele ukusetshenziswa ngaphakathi kwemboni yamakhemikhali, ikakhulukazi lapho ukusebenza okubikezelwayo kanye nokungcola okuncane kubalulekile khona.
• Ukucubungula ngamakhemikhali: Lezi zivalo zenzelwe izinqubo ezilawulwa ngokuqinile ekucutshungulweni kwamakhemikhali, ukunciphisa ukungcola ngobuso be-carbon seal ezigcobayo kanye nokusebenzisa i-nitrogen yezitshalo etholakala kalula njenge-ejenti yokuvimbela.
• Ukuthuthukisa izivalo ze-agitator ezigijima zimanzi: Izivalo ze-dry-running zisetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa izivalo ze-mixer ezindala ezigijima zimanzi kanye nezivalo zemikhumbi ukuze kube nokuthembeka okukhulu, kuncishiswe ukuqapha, kanye nesikhathi esimaphakathi esinwetshiwe phakathi kokulungiswa.
• Izindawo ezidinga izithiyo zegesi ezingasebenzi: Izivalo ezisebenza ngogesi, ezenzelwe izindawo ezinjalo, zisebenzisa isithiyo segesi ye-nitrogen esingasebenzi ukuze kuncishiswe ukungcola futhi kuthuthukiswe ukuthembeka, ikakhulukazi ezinqubweni zeqoqo.

Izimbozo Ezithuthukisiwe Zemishini Nezicelo Zazo

Izivalo Ezithuthukisiwe Zemishini zinikeza izixazululo ezikhethekile zezindawo zezimboni ezidinga kakhulu. Lezi zakhiwo zibhekana nezinselele ezithile, ziqinisekisa ukusebenza okuthembekile lapho izivalo ezijwayelekile zingase zehluleke khona.

Izimbozo Zensimbi Zezimbozo Zemishini

Ama-Mechanical Seals e-Metal Bellows anikeza ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu. Aneyunithi ye-metal bellows eguquguqukayo ethatha indawo yesipringi sendabuko kanye nesivalo sesibili. Lo mklamo ususa ama-O-rings aguquguqukayo, avame ukubangela ukugqwala noma ukugqwala okungapheli. Ama-Metal bellows seals asebenza kahle kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, izinsizakalo ezigqwalisayo, kanye nezimo ezihilela ukugqwala okunamandla. Ukwakhiwa kwawo okuqinile kuqinisekisa impilo ende yenkonzo kanye nobuqotho bokuvala obuqhubekayo.

Izimbozo Zezinkinobho Zerabha

Izimbobo Zerabha Zezimbobo Zezimonyo zinikeza isisombululo sokuvala esingabizi futhi esiguquguqukayo. Izimbobo zerabha ezibunjiwe zinikeza amandla entwasahlobo futhi zisebenza njengesici sesibili sokuvala. Lo mklamo uvumela ukungalingani okukhulu kweshafti nokudlidliza. Izimbobo zerabha zezimbobo zezimbobo zivamile ekusetshenzisweni kwenhloso ejwayelekile, okuhlanganisa amaphampu amanzi kanye nokwelashwa kwamanzi amdaka. Zisingatha amazinga okushisa aphakathi kanye nokucindezela ngempumelelo, zinikeza ukusebenza okuthembekile ezindaweni ezingashisi kakhulu.

Izivalo Zemishini Zentwasahlobo Eningi Nezine-Wave

I-Mechanical Seals ithuthukisa ukulayishwa nokusabalalisa kobuso besivalo. Imiklamo ye-multi-spring isebenzisa iziphethu eziningana ezincane ezihlelwe zizungeze umgodi. Lokhu kulungiselela kunikeza amandla okuvala alinganayo ebusweni besivalo. Iziphethu zamagagasi zinikeza okunye okuhlangene, zinikeza amandla aphezulu esiphethu endaweni encane ye-axial. Zombili izinhlobo zithuthukisa ukuzinza kwesivalo futhi zinciphisa ukuguguleka, okwenza zifanele ukusetshenziswa kokucindezela okuphezulu kanye nesivinini. Ziqinisekisa ukuxhumana kobuso okuqhubekayo, zandisa impilo yokusebenza kwesivalo.

Ukukhetha Izimbozo Ezifanele Zemishini

Ukucabanga Ngezidingo Zesicelo

Ukukhetha uphawu olufanele lomshini kubalulekile ekuthembekeni nasekusebenzeni kahle kwemishini. Onjiniyela bacabangela imingcele eminingana ebalulekile yokusetshenziswa. Isifinyezo se-STAMPS sisiza ekuqondiseni le nqubo yokukhetha:

• Si-size
• Tumbuso
• Aukuphinda
• Mi-edia
• Pqinisekisa
• Sukuchama

Ukuqonda lezi zici kuqinisekisa ukuthi uphawu olukhethiwe lusebenza kahle endaweni yalo ethile.

Ukuhlola Izimo Zokusebenza

Izimo zokusebenza zithinta kakhulu ukusebenza kwesivalo. Usayizi ubhekisela ikakhulukazi kububanzi bomgodi wemishini. Lokhu kunquma ubukhulu bomzimba besivalo. Kuthinta nezici ezifana nendawo yokuxhumana ubuso, ukuhudula, ukukhiqizwa kokushisa, kanye nezindlela zokushayela ezidingekayo. Izinga lokushisa libalulekile ngoba izivalo kumele zisebenze kuzo zonke izinhlobo, kusukela ekusetshenzisweni kwe-cryogenic kuya ekusetshenzisweni kokushisa okuphezulu. Izinga lokushisa eliphakeme lingabangela izinguquko zesakhiwo soketshezi, njengokuhwamuka noma ukubola. Zingaholela nasekuphazanyisweni kokushisa kobuso bokuvala futhi zithinte ukugcotshwa. Zonke lezi zinkinga zonakalise ukusebenza kwesivalo kanye nokuphila kwesikhathi.

Ukufanisa Izici Zoketshezi Nezimpawu Zomshini

Izici zoketshezi lwenqubo, noma imidiya, zithinta ngqo ukukhethwa kwezinto zokuvala. Uketshezi olubolayo ludinga izinto ezingamelani namakhemikhali. Uketshezi olubolayo ludinga ubuso obuqinile. Ukucindezela kanye nesivinini nakho kudlala indima ebalulekile. Ukucindezeleka okuphezulu kuvame ukudingaIzisimbozo Zemishini Ezilinganisiweukunciphisa umthwalo ebusweni. Isivinini esiphezulu sidinga izinto ezingasusa ukushisa ngempumelelo. Ukuqondanisa uphawu noketshezi kanye nemingcele yokusebenza kuvimbela ukwehluleka kwangaphambi kwesikhathi futhi kuqinisekisa impumelelo yokusebenza yesikhathi eside.

Izivalo zemishini ziqukethe izingxenye ezibalulekile njengezinto zokuvala eziyinhloko nezesibili, iziphethu, kanye nezingxenye zezindlu. Ziza ngezinhlobo ezahlukene, kufaka phakathi i-pusher, i-non-pusher, i-balanced, i-unbalanced, i-component, i-single, i-dual, i-wet, kanye ne-dry running seals.ukukhetha uphawu lomshiniKubalulekile ekuthembekeni kwesistimu. Ukuthembeka kwesivalo somshini sokugcina kuncike ekusetshenzisweni, ekufakweni, nasekusebenzeni. Ukusetshenziswa kabi, amaphutha okufakwa, noma izimo zokusebenza ezingezinhle kungaholela ekwehlulekeni kwangaphambi kwesikhathi. Izinqumo ezinolwazi ziqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kuzo zonke izimboni ezahlukene.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Uyini umsebenzi oyinhloko wesivalo somshini?

A uphawu lomshiniKuvimbela ukuvuza koketshezi emgodleni ojikelezayo. Kuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle futhi kuvikela imishini ekungcoleni.

Kungani onjiniyela bekhetha izinto ezithile zobuso besivalo?

Onjiniyela bakhetha izinto ezifana ne-silicon carbide noma i-tungsten carbide ukuze bathole ubulukhuni, ukumelana namakhemikhali, kanye nokuqhuba ukushisa. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kakhulu ezinhlotsheni ezithile zokusebenza.

Iyiphi inzuzo enikezwa yi-cartridge mechanical seal?

Ikhatrijiuphawu lomshiniiza ihlanganiswe kusengaphambili. Lokhu kwenza kube lula ukufaka, kunciphisa amaphutha, futhi kunciphisa isikhathi sokungasebenzi kwemishini.