Kuyiniuphawu lomgodi wepompo?
Izivalo ze-shaft zivimbela ukuphuma koketshezi emshafini ojikelezayo noma ojikelezayo. Lokhu kubalulekile kuwo wonke amaphampu futhi uma kuziwa kumaphampu e-centrifugal, kuzotholakala izinketho eziningana zokuvala: ukupakisha, izivalo zezindebe, nazo zonke izinhlobo zezivalo zemishini - eyodwa, ephindwe kabili kanye ne-tandem kufaka phakathi izivalo ze-cartridge. Amaphampu okuhamba ajikelezayo afana namaphampu egiya kanye namaphampu e-vane ayatholakala ngokuhlelwa kokupakisha, izindebe kanye nezivalo zemishini. Amaphampu okubuyisana adala izinkinga ezahlukene zokuvala futhi ngokuvamile athembele eziboshweni zezindebe noma eziboshweni. Eminye imiklamo, njengephampu zokushayela i-magnetic, amaphampu e-diaphragm noma amaphampu e-peristaltic, awadingi izivalo ze-shaft. Lawa maphampu abizwa ngokuthi 'angenasivalo' afaka izivalo ezimile ukuvimbela ukuvuza koketshezi.
Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko zezimpawu zomshaft wephampu?
Ukupakisha
Ukupakisha (okwaziwa nangokuthi ukupakisha i-shaft noma ukupakisha i-gland) kuqukethe izinto ezithambile, ezivame ukulukwa noma ukwakheka zibe yizindandatho. Lokhu kucindezelwa ekamelweni elizungeze i-drive shaft ebizwa ngokuthi ibhokisi lokugxusha ukuze kudalwe uphawu (Isithombe 1). Ngokuvamile, ukucindezela kufakwa nge-axial ku-packing kodwa kungasetshenziswa futhi nge-radially yi-hydraulic medium.
Ngokwesiko, ukupakisha kwakwenziwa ngesikhumba, intambo noma i-flax kodwa manje kuvame ukuba nezinto ezingasasebenzi njenge-PTFE enwetshiwe, i-graphite ecindezelwe, kanye ne-elastomers e-granulated. Ukupakisha kuyabiza futhi kuvame ukusetshenziswa ezintweni eziwugqinsi, okunzima ukuzivala njenge-resins, i-tar noma izinamathiseli. Kodwa-ke, kuyindlela embi yokuvala uketshezi oluncane, ikakhulukazi uma kunengcindezi ephezulu. Ukupakisha akuvamile ukwehluleka ngendlela eyinhlekelele, futhi kungashintshwa ngokushesha ngesikhathi sokuvalwa okuhleliwe.
Izivalo zokupakisha zidinga ukugcotshwa ukuze kugwenywe ukwakheka kokushisa okungqubuzanayo. Lokhu kuvame ukuhlinzekwa uketshezi olupompiwe ngokwalo oluvame ukuvuza kancane ngezinto zokupakisha. Lokhu kungaba yingozi futhi uma kwenzeka uketshezi oluqothulayo, oluvuthayo, noma olunobuthi ngokuvamile alwamukeleki. Kulezi zimo, i-lubricant yangaphandle ephephile ingasetshenziswa. Ukupakisha akufanelekile kumaphampu okuvala asetshenziselwa uketshezi oluqukethe izinhlayiya eziqothulayo. Izinto eziqinile zingangena ezintweni zokupakisha futhi lokhu kungalimaza umgodi wephampu noma udonga lwebhokisi lokugcwalisa.
Izivikelo zomlomo
Ama-Lip Seals, aziwa nangokuthi ama-radial shaft seals, angama-element ayindilinga e-elastomeric abanjwe endaweni yawo ngokumelene ne-drive shaft yi-rocket yangaphandle eqinile (Isithombe 2). I-seal ivela ekuxhumaneni okungqubuzanayo phakathi 'kwe-lip' ne-shaft futhi lokhu kuvame ukuqiniswa yi-spring. Ama-Lip seals avamile kuyo yonke imboni ye-hydraulic futhi angatholakala kumaphampu, kuma-hydraulic motors, kanye nama-actuator. Avame ukuhlinzeka nge-seal yesibili, yokusekelayo kwezinye izinhlelo zokuvala njengezimbozo zemishini Ama-Lip seals ngokuvamile anqunyelwe ekucindezelekeni okuphansi futhi futhi awabi kahle koketshezi oluncane, olungagcobi. Izinhlelo eziningi ze-lip seal zisetshenziswe ngempumelelo ngokumelene noketshezi oluhlukahlukene oluqinile, olungagugi. Ama-Lip seals awafanele ukusetshenziswa nanoma yiluphi uketshezi olugugikayo noma uketshezi oluqukethe izinto eziqinile njengoba lungaguga futhi noma yimuphi umonakalo omncane ungaholela ekwehlulekeni.
Izimpawu zomshini
Izivalo zemishini empeleni zakhiwe yibhangqa elilodwa noma ngaphezulu lobuso obucwebezelayo, obucwebezelisiwe kakhulu, obunye obungashintshi endlini kanye nobobunye obujikelezayo, obuxhunywe ku-drive shaft (Isithombe 3). Ubuso budinga ukugcotshwa, kungaba uketshezi olupompelwe ngokwalo noma uketshezi oluvimbelayo. Empeleni, ubuso bophawu buthintana kuphela lapho ipompo iphumule. Ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa, uketshezi olugcotshwayo luhlinzeka ngefilimu encane, ene-hydrodynamic phakathi kobuso bophawu oluphikisanayo, okunciphisa ukuguguleka futhi kusize ekushabalaleni kokushisa.
Izivalo zemishini zingaphatha uketshezi oluhlukahlukene, ukuqina, ukucindezela, kanye namazinga okushisa. Kodwa-ke, isivalo semishini akufanele somiswe. Inzuzo ebalulekile yezinhlelo zesivalo semishini ukuthi i-drive shaft kanye ne-casing akuzona izingxenye zendlela yokuvala (njengoba kunjalo ngezivalo zokupakisha kanye nezindebe) ngakho-ke azigugi.
Izimpawu ezimbili
Izivalo ezimbili zisebenzisa izivalo ezimbili ezibekwe ngemuva ngemuva (Isithombe 4). Isikhala esingaphakathi kwamasethi amabili obuso besivalo singacindezelwa ngamanzi ngoketshezi oluvimbelayo ukuze ifilimu ebusweni besivalo edingekayo ukuze kugcotshwe kube uketshezi oluvimbelayo hhayi oluvimbelayo. Uketshezi oluvimbelayo kumele futhi luhambisane nolwelo oluvimbelayo. Izivalo ezimbili ziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ukusebenza ngenxa yesidingo sokucindezela futhi zivame ukusetshenziswa kuphela lapho kudingeka ukuvikela abasebenzi, izingxenye zangaphandle kanye nendawo ezungezile eziwuketshezini eziyingozi, ezinobuthi noma ezivuthayo.
Izimpawu ezihlanganisiwe
Izivalo ezihlangene zifana nezivalo ezimbili kodwa amasethi amabili ezivalo ezisebenza ngomshini abheke ohlangothini olufanayo kunokuba abheke emuva. Isivalo esiseceleni komkhiqizo kuphela esijikeleza oketshezini olupompiwe kodwa ukuvuza kobuso besivalo ekugcineni kungcolisa i-barrier lubricant. Lokhu kunemiphumela yesivalo esiseceleni somoya kanye nendawo ezungezile.
Izimpawu zekhatriji
I-cartridge seal iyiphakheji ehlanganiswe ngaphambilini yezingxenye ze-mechanical seal. Ukwakhiwa kwe-cartridge kuqeda izinkinga zokufaka ezifana nesidingo sokulinganisa nokusetha ukucindezela kwentwasahlobo. Ubuso be-seal buvikelwe ekulimaleni ngesikhathi sokufakwa. Ekwakhiweni, i-cartridge seal ingaba ukucushwa okukodwa, okuphindwe kabili noma okuhlanganisiwe okuqukethwe ngaphakathi kwe-gland futhi kwakhiwe phezu kwe-sleeve.
Izivalo zokuvimbela igesi.
Lezi izihlalo ezimbili zesitayela sekhatriji ezinobuso obuklanyelwe ukucindezelwa kusetshenziswa igesi engangenisi njengesithiyo, okuthatha indawo yoketshezi olujwayelekile lokugcoba. Ubuso bokuvala bungahlukaniswa noma bubanjwe buxhumene ngesikhathi sokusebenza ngokulungisa ingcindezi yegesi. Inani elincane legesi lingaphuma liye emkhiqizweni nasemoyeni.
Isifinyezo
Izivalo ze-shaft zivimbela ukuphuma koketshezi emgodleni ojikelezayo noma ojikelezayo wephampu. Ngokuvamile kunezinketho eziningana zokuvala ezitholakalayo: ukupakisha, izivalo zezindebe, kanye nezinhlobo ezahlukene zezivalo zemishini - eyodwa, ephindwe kabili kanye ne-tandem kufaka phakathi izivalo ze-cartridge.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Meyi-18-2023