Ekuqaleni kwawo-1900 – cishe ngesikhathi imikhumbi yempi yasolwandle iqala ukuzama ngezinjini zedizili – kwavela okunye okusha okubalulekile ngakolunye uhlangothi lomugqa we-propeller shaft.
Kuyo yonke ingxenye yokuqala yekhulu lama-20,uphawu lomshini wokupompakwaba yindlela ejwayelekile yokuxhumana phakathi kokuhlelwa kokushafa ngaphakathi kwesikhumba somkhumbi kanye nezingxenye ezivezwe olwandle. Ubuchwepheshe obusha bunikeze intuthuko enkulu ekuthembekeni nasekuphileni uma kuqhathaniswa namabhokisi okugcwala kanye nezimbozo ze-gland ezazibusa emakethe.
Ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bokufaka uphawu lwemishini ye-shaft kuyaqhubeka nanamuhla, kugxilwe ekuthuthukiseni ukuthembeka, ukwandisa isikhathi sokuphila komkhiqizo, ukunciphisa izindleko, ukwenza lula ukufakwa kanye nokunciphisa ukulungiswa. Izimpawu zesimanje zisebenzisa izinto zobuciko, ukuklama kanye nezinqubo zokukhiqiza kanye nokusebenzisa ukuxhumana okwandisiwe kanye nokutholakala kwedatha ukuze kuvunyelwe ukuqapha kwedijithali.
NgaphambiIzimbonakaliso Zemishini
Izimpawu zomshini zomgodikwakuyisinyathelo esiphawulekayo sokuqhubekela phambili kusukela kubuchwepheshe obabusetshenziswa ngaphambili ukuvimbela amanzi olwandle ukuthi angangeni emgodini ozungeze umgodi wepropeller. Ibhokisi lokugxusha noma i-gland epakishiwe inezinto ezilukiwe, ezifana nentambo eziqinisiwe ezizungeze umgodi ukuze zenze uphawu. Lokhu kudala uphawu oluqinile ngenkathi kuvumela umgodi ukuthi ujikeleze. Kodwa-ke, kunezinkinga eziningana ezixazululwe uphawu lomshini.
Ukungqubuzana okubangelwa yi-shaft ejikeleza ngokumelene nokupakisha kuholela ekugugeni ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, okuholela ekuvuthweni okwandisiwe kuze kube yilapho ukupakisha kulungiswa noma kushintshwa. Okubiza kakhulu kunokulungisa ibhokisi lokugcwalisa ukulungisa i-propeller shaft, engonakaliswa nawukungqubuzana. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukugcwala kungenzeka kugqokise umsele ongene emgodleni, okungagcina kulahle lonke uhlelo lokuqhumisa, okuholela ekutheni umkhumbi udinga ukugoqwa okomile, ukususwa komgodla kanye nokufakwa esikhundleni sesiketi noma ngisho nokuvuselelwa komgodla. Okokugcina, kukhona ukulahleka kokusebenza kahle kokuqhumisa ngoba injini idinga ukukhiqiza amandla engeziwe ukuze iphendule umgodla ngokumelene nokugcwala kwe-gland okuqinile, okuchitha amandla kanye nophethiloli. Lokhu kuyinto engabalulekile: ukuze kufezwe amazinga okuvuza amukelekayo, ukugcwala kumele kuqine kakhulu.
I-gland epakishiwe isalokhu iyindlela elula, engaphephile futhi ivame ukutholakala emakamelweni amaningi enjini ukuze isetshenziswe njengesipele. Uma uphawu lomshini luhluleka, lungenza umkhumbi ukwazi ukuqeda umsebenzi wawo futhi ubuyele echwebeni ukuze ulungiswe. Kodwa uphawu lomshini lwakhiwe phezu kwalokhu ngokukhulisa ukuthembeka nokunciphisa ukuvuza okukhulu nakakhulu.
Izisimbozo Zokuqala Zemishini
Uguquko ekuvaleni izingxenye ezijikelezayo lweza nokuqaphela ukuthi ukukhanda uphawu eceleni komgodi - njengoba kwenziwa ngokupakisha - akudingekile. Izindawo ezimbili - enye ijikeleza nomgodi kanti enye igxilile - ezibekwe ziqonde ngqo kumgodi futhi zicindezelwe ndawonye ngamandla e-hydraulic kanye ne-mechanical zingakha uphawu oluqinile nakakhulu, okutholakala ngokuvamile okwenziwa unjiniyela uGeorge Cooke ngo-1903. Izivalo zokuqala ze-mechanical ezisetshenziswa kwezentengiselwano zakhiwa ngo-1928 futhi zafakwa kumaphampu e-centrifugal kanye nama-compressor
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Okthoba-27-2022