Siyazi ukuthi uphawu lomshini kufanele lusebenze kuze kube yilapho ikhabhoni iphela, kodwa ulwazi lwethu lusibonisa ukuthi lokhu akwenzeki ngophawu lokuqala lwemishini olufakwe epompo. Sithenga uphawu olusha olubizayo lomshini futhi nalo alugugi. Ngakho ingabe uphawu olusha lwaluyimali elahlekile?
Akunjalo ngempela. Lapha wenza into ebonakala inengqondo, uzama ukuxazulula inkinga yesivalo ngokuthenga isivalo esihlukile, kodwa lokho kufana nokuzama ukuthola umsebenzi omuhle wokupenda emotweni ngokuthenga uhlobo oluhle lopende.
Uma ufuna ukupenda kahle imoto kuzodingeka wenze izinto ezine: Ukulungisa umzimba (ukulungisa insimbi, ukususa ukugqwala, ukuhlikihla, ukufihla ubuso njll); thenga uhlobo oluhle lopende (wonke upende awufani); faka upende ngendlela efanele (ngomfutho womoya ofanele, akukho ukuvuza noma ukugeleza kanye nokuhlikihla njalo phakathi kwe-primer kanye nama-finish coat); futhi unakekele upende ngemva kokufakwa (ugcine uhlanziwe, ufakwe i-wax futhi ugcinwe egaraji).
mcneally-seals-2017
Uma wenze lezo zinto ezine ngendlela efanele, upende ungahlala isikhathi esingakanani emotweni? Kusobala iminyaka. Phuma ubukele izimoto zidlula uzobona ubufakazi babantu abangazenzi lezo zinto ezine. Eqinisweni, akuvamile ukuthi uma sibona imoto endala ebukeka kahle, siyibuke.
Ukufinyelela impilo enhle ye-seal kuhilela nezinyathelo ezine. Kufanele zibe sobala, kodwa ake sizibheke noma kunjalo.
Lungisa iphampu yokuvala – yilowo umsebenzi womzimba
Thenga uphawu oluhle - upende omuhle
Faka uphawu ngendlela efanele - faka upende ngendlela efanele
Sebenzisa ukulawula okulungile kwemvelo uma kudingeka (futhi mhlawumbe kuyadingeka) - futhi geza futhi ugcobe
Sizobheka ngayinye yalezi zihloko ngokuningiliziwe futhi ngethemba ukuthi sizoqala ukwandisa impilo yezimbobo zethu zemishini kuze kube yilapho iningi lazo liguga khona. Lolu lwazi luhlobene namaphampu e-centrifugal kodwa lungasebenza nakunoma yiluphi uhlobo lwemishini ejikelezayo, kufaka phakathi abaxubi kanye nabahlaseli.
Lungisa ipompo ukuze uvale
Ukuze ulungiselele kufanele wenze ukuvumelanisa phakathi kwephampu nomshayeli, usebenzisa i-laser aligniner. I-adaptha yohlaka "C" noma "D" ingcono kakhulu.
Okulandelayo, ulinganisela ngokuguquguqukayo ukuhlanganiswa okujikelezayo, okungenziwa kusetshenziswa imishini eminingi yokuhlaziya ukudlidliza, kodwa hlola nomhlinzeki wakho uma ungenalo uhlelo. Kumelwe uqiniseke ukuthi umgodi awugobile nokuthi uwuzungeza phakathi kwezikhungo.
Kungumqondo omuhle ukugwema imikhono ye-shaft, njengoba i-shaft eqinile ingase ingabi nokuphambuka futhi ingcono kakhulu ekuvaleni okwenziwe ngomshini, bese uzama ukunciphisa ukucindezeleka kwepayipi noma kuphi lapho kungenzeka khona.
Sebenzisa iphampu yokuklama "umugqa ophakathi" uma izinga lokushisa lomkhiqizo lingaphezu kuka-100°C, njengoba lokhu kuzonciphisa ezinye izinkinga zokucindezeleka kwamapayipi ephampini. Futhi, sebenzisa amaphampu anesilinganiso sobude obuphansi bomgodi kuya kobubanzi. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ngamaphampu esevisi angenasikhawu.
Sebenzisa ibhokisi lokugcwala elikhulu kakhulu, gwema imiklamo enciphile, futhi unike isivalo isikhala esiningi. Zama ukwenza ubuso bebhokisi lokugcwala bube yisikwele ngangokunokwenzeka kushaft, okungenziwa kusetshenziswa amathuluzi okubhekana, futhi unciphise ukudlidliza ngokusebenzisa noma yimaphi amasu owaziyo.
Kubalulekile ukuthi ungavumeli ipompo iqhume, njengoba ubuso besivalo buzovuleka futhi mhlawumbe bulimale. I-water hammer ingavela futhi uma amandla elahleka epompo ngenkathi isebenza, ngakho-ke thatha isinyathelo sokuvimbela ukuze ugweme lezi zinkinga.
Kunezinto ezimbalwa okudingeka zihlolwe lapho kulungiswa ipompo ukuze kufakwe uphawu, okuhlanganisa; ukuthi isisindo sesisekelo sepompo/semoto okungenani siphindwe kahlanu kunesisindo sehadiwe ehlezi kuso; ukuthi kunezingqimba eziyishumi zepayipi phakathi kokumunca ipompo kanye nengqiniba yokuqala; nokuthi ipuleti lesisekelo lilinganisiwe futhi lifakwe ungqimba endaweni yalo.
Gcina i-impeller evulekile ilungisiwe ukuze kuncishiswe ukudlidliza nezinkinga zokujikeleza kwegazi kwangaphakathi, qiniseka ukuthi ama-bearing anenani elifanele lokuthambisa, nokuthi amanzi nezinto eziqinile azingeni emgodini wokuthwala. Kufanele futhi ufake ama-labyrinth noma ama-face seal esikhundleni sama-grease noma ama-lip seal.
Qiniseka ukuthi ugwema imigqa yokujikeleza kokukhipha exhunywe ebhokisini lokugxusha, ezimweni eziningi ukujikeleza kokudonsa kuzoba ngcono. Uma iphampu inamasongo agugile, qiniseka ukuthi uhlola nokususwa kwawo.
Izinto zokugcina okufanele uzenze lapho ulungiselela iphampu ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izingxenye ezimanzi zephampu zenziwe ngezinto ezingagqwali, njengoba izihlanzi kanye nezincibilikisi ezisemigqeni ngezinye izikhathi zibangela izinkinga umklami angakaze azilindele.
Bese uvala noma yimuphi umoya ongase uvuza ohlangothini lokumunca lwepompo bese ususa noma yikuphi okungase kubhajwe ku-volute.
Thenga uphawu oluhle
Sebenzisa imiklamo elinganiswe ngamanzi evala umfutho kanye ne-vacuum futhi uma uzosebenzisa i-elastomer esivalweni, zama ukusebenzisa i-o-ring. Lezi yizimo ezinhle kakhulu ngezizathu eziningi, kodwa ungavumeli muntu ukuthi afake i-o-ring ngokushesha ngoba ngeke igoqeke noma igoqeke njengoba kufanele.
Kufanele futhi usebenzise imiklamo yesivalo esingadingi ukugoba njengoba ukugoba kwe-shaft kuyimbangela enkulu yokwehluleka kwesivalo ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
Izivalo ezimile (lapho izipilingi zingajikelezi khona nomgodi) zingcono kunezivikelo ezijikelezayo (izipilingi ziyajikeleza) zokuvala ukukhishwa okuphumayo kanye nanoma yiluphi olunye uketshezi. Uma isipilingi sinezipilingi ezincane, zigcine kude noketshezi ngoba zizovaleka kalula. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezivalo ezinalesi sici sokungavali.
Ubuso obunzima obukhulu bulungele ukunyakaza kwe-radial esikubonayo ekusetshenzisweni kwe-mixer kanye nalezo zivalo ezibekwe kude kakhulu nama-bearings.
Uzodinga futhi uhlobo oluthile lokudambisa ukudlidliza kwezivalo zensimbi ezishisayo ngoba azinayo i-elastomer evame ukwenza lowo msebenzi.
Sebenzisa imiklamo egcina uketshezi lokuvala lungaphandle kobubanzi be-seal, noma amandla e-centrifugal azophonsa izinto eziqinile ebusweni obugobile futhi anciphise ukunyakaza kwazo lapho ikhabhoni iguga. Kufanele futhi usebenzise amakhabhoni angagcwalisiwe ebusweni be-seal njengoba ewuhlobo oluhle kakhulu futhi izindleko aziphezulu kakhulu.
Futhi, qiniseka ukuthi uyakwazi ukubona zonke izinto zokuvala ngoba akunakwenzeka ukuxazulula "izinto eziyimfihlakalo".
Ungavumeli umhlinzeki akutshele ukuthi impahla yakhe ingeyakhe, futhi uma leyo yindlela yakhe yokucabanga, thola omunye umhlinzeki noma umenzi, ngaphandle kwalokho ufanelwe yizo zonke izinkinga ozoba nazo.
Zama ukugcina ama-elastomer kude nobuso besivalo. I-elastomer yingxenye eyodwa yesivalo ezwela kakhulu ekushiseni, futhi izinga lokushisa lishisa kakhulu ebusweni.
Noma yimuphi umkhiqizo oyingozi noma obizayo kufanele uvalwe ngezivalo ezimbili. Qiniseka ukuthi ibhalansi ye-hydraulic ikuzo zombili izinhlangothi noma ubheja ukuthi obunye ubuso bungavuleka uma ingcindezi iphenduka noma ikhuphuka.
Okokugcina, uma umklamo unekhabhoni ecindezelwe esibambini sensimbi, qiniseka ukuthi ikhabhoni icindezelwe futhi “ayinciphanga”. Ikhabhoni ecindezelwe izosika ukuze ivumelane nokungalingani esibambini sensimbi, isize ekugcineni ubuso obugobile buthe njo.
Faka uphawu ngendlela efanele
Ama-cartridge seal yiwona kuphela umklamo onengqondo uma ufuna ukwenza ukulungiswa kwe-impeller, futhi kulula kakhulu ukuwafaka ngoba awudingi ukuphrinta, noma ukuthatha noma yiziphi izilinganiso ukuze uthole umthwalo wobuso ofanele.
Ama-cartridge dual seal kufanele abe nendandatho yokupompa eyakhelwe ngaphakathi futhi kufanele usebenzise uketshezi oluvikelayo (ingcindezi ephansi) phakathi kwama-seal noma nini lapho kungenzeka khona ukuze ugweme izinkinga zokuncibilikisa umkhiqizo.
Gwema noma yiluphi uhlobo lwamafutha njengoketshezi oluvikelayo ngenxa yokushisa okuphansi kwamafutha kanye nokungasebenzi kahle komoya.
Uma ufaka, gcina uphawu luseduze nama-bearings ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngokuvamile kunendawo yokususa uphawu ebhokisini lokugxusha bese usebenzisa indawo yebhokisi lokugxusha njenge-bushing yokusekela ukusiza ekuqiniseni umphini ojikelezayo.
Kuye ngesicelo, kuzodingeka unqume ukuthi ngabe lesi sisekelo sokusekela kufanele sigcinwe siqinile yini.
Izivalo ezihlukanisiwe nazo zinengqondo cishe kunoma yisiphi isicelo esingadingi izivalo ezimbili noma ukuvalwa kokukhishwa kwegesi okusabalele (ukuvuza kulinganiswa ngezingxenye ngesigidi).
Izivalo ezihlukanisiwe yizo kuphela okufanele uzisebenzise kumaphampu anezinhlangothi ezimbili, ngaphandle kwalokho kuzodingeka ushintshe zombili izivalo uma uphawu olulodwa kuphela seluhlulekile.
Zikuvumela futhi ukuthi ushintshe izivalo ngaphandle kokwenza ukulungiswa kabusha nomshayeli wephampu.
Ungagcobi ubuso besivalo lapho ufaka, futhi gcina izinto eziqinile zingangeni ebusweni obugobile. Uma kukhona ungqimba oluvikelayo ebusweni besivalo qiniseka ukuthi uyalususa ngaphambi kokufakwa.
Uma kuyi-rubber bellows seal, zidinga i-lubricant ekhethekile ezokwenza ukuthi i-bellows inamathele ku-shaft. Ngokuvamile iwuketshezi olusekelwe ku-petroleum, kodwa ungabuza nomhlinzeki wakho ukuze uqiniseke. I-rubber bellows seals idinga nokuphela komgodi ongaphansi kuka-40RMS, noma i-raber izoba nobunzima bokunamathela ku-shaft.
Okokugcina, uma ufaka ngendlela eqondile, qiniseka ukuthi ukhipha umoya ebhokisini lokugcwala ebusweni besivalo. Kungadingeka ufake lo moya uma umenzi wephampu engakaze awunikeze.
Izivalo eziningi zekhatriji zine-vent eyakhelwe ngaphakathi ongayixhuma ku-pump suction noma kwenye indawo yokucindezela okuphansi ohlelweni.
Nakekela uphawu
Isinyathelo sokugcina sokuthola impilo enhle yokuvala uphawu ukulinakekela njalo. Izivikelo zikhetha ukuvala uketshezi olupholile, oluhlanzekile, nolugcobayo, futhi yize singavamile ukuba nelinye lalawo okufanele silivale, mhlawumbe ungasebenzisa ukulawula kwemvelo endaweni yebhokisi lokugcwalisa ukuze ushintshe umkhiqizo wakho ube munye.
Uma usebenzisa ibhokisi lokugcwala elifakwe ijakethi, qiniseka ukuthi ijakethi ihlanzekile. I-condensate noma umusi yizona zinto ezingcono kakhulu zokuhambisa ijakethi.
Zama ukufaka i-carbon bushing ekugcineni kwebhokisi lokugcwalisa ukuze isebenze njengesithiyo sokushisa esizosiza ekuqiniseni izinga lokushisa lebhokisi lokugcwalisa.
Ukuhlanza kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokulawula imvelo njengoba kubangela ukuncibilika komkhiqizo, kodwa uma usebenzisa isivalo esifanele ngeke udinge ukuhlanzwa okuningi. Amagaloni amane noma amahlanu ngehora (qaphela ukuthi ngithe ihora hhayi umzuzu) kufanele anele kulolo hlobo lwesivalo.
Kufanele futhi ugcine uketshezi luhamba ebhokisini lokugxusha ukuze uvimbele ukunqwabelana kokushisa. Ukujikeleza kabusha koketshezi kuzosusa izinto eziqinile ezisindayo kunomkhiqizo owuvalayo.
Njengoba leso kuyisimo esivame kakhulu sokulunywa, sebenzisa i-suction recirculation njengendinganiso yakho. Futhi, funda ukuthi ungayisebenzisa kuphi.
Ukuphinda kujikelezwe komoya kuzokuvumela ukuthi ukhuphule ingcindezi ebhokisini lokugxusha ukuze uvimbele uketshezi ukuthi lungashisi phakathi kobuso obugobile. Zama ukungawuqondisi umugqa wokuphinda kujikelezwe komoya ebusweni obugobile, ungabalimaza. Uma usebenzisa izinsimbi ezigobile, umugqa wokuphinda kujikelezwe ungasebenza njenge-sandblaster futhi usike amapuleti amancane ezinsimbi.
Uma umkhiqizo ushisa kakhulu, pholisa indawo yebhokisi lokugxusha. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi lezi zilawuli zemvelo zivame ukuba zibaluleke kakhulu uma ipompo imiswa ngoba amazinga okushisa okucwilisa kanye nokupholisa ukuvala kungashintsha kakhulu izinga lokushisa lebhokisi lokugxusha, okubangela ukuthi umkhiqizo ushintshe isimo.
Imikhiqizo eyingozi izodinga uhlobo lwe-API. uma ukhetha ukungasebenzisi izivalo ezimbili. I-disaster bushing eyingxenye yokucushwa kwe-API. izovikela isivalo ekulimaleni okubonakalayo uma kufanele ulahlekelwe yi-bearing lapho iphampu isebenza.
Qinisekisa ukuthi ukuxhumeka kwe-API kwenziwe kahle. Kulula ukuxuba ama-port amane bese ufaka umugqa wokudonsa noma wokujikeleza kabusha e-quench port.
Zama ukungafaki umusi noma amanzi amaningi kakhulu ngokusebenzisa uxhumano lwe-quench ngoba luzongena ebhokisini lokubeka. Ukuvuza kokuxhumeka kokukhipha amanzi kuvame ukubonwa njengokwehluleka kokuvala yizisebenzi. Qiniseka ukuthi ziyawazi umehluko.
Ukusebenzisa lawa macebiso okuvala
Ingabe ukhona owake wazenza zonke lezi zinto ezine? Ngeshwa akunjalo. Ukube besingakwenza, amaphesenti angu-85 noma angu-90 ezimbhobho zethu bezizophela, kunokuba kube amaphesenti ayishumi noma angu-15 azenzayo. I-seal ehlulekile ngaphambi kwesikhathi enobuso obuningi bekhabhoni eseleyo isalokhu iwumthetho.
Izaba ezivame kakhulu esizizwayo ukuchaza ukuntuleka kwethu kokuphila kahle kwe-seal ukuthi asikaze sibe nesikhathi sokukwenza kahle, kulandelwe yinkulumo emfushane ethi, “Kodwa kuhlala kunesikhathi sokukulungisa.” Iningi lethu lenza isinyathelo esisodwa noma ezimbili ezidingekayo futhi lizwa ukwanda kokuphila kwethu kwe-seal. Akukho lutho olungalungile ngokwanda kokuphila kwe-seal, kodwa lokho kukude kakhulu nokuguga kwe-seal.
Cabanga ngakho umzuzu. Uma uphawu luhlala unyaka wonke, inkinga ingaba nkulu kangakanani? Izinga lokushisa alikwazi ukuba phezulu kakhulu noma ingcindezi ibe nkulu kakhulu. Ukube lokho bekuyiqiniso bekungeke kuthathe unyaka wonke ukuthi uphawu lungasebenzi kahle. Umkhiqizo awukwazi ukuba ungcolile kakhulu ngesizathu esifanayo.
Sivame ukuthola ukuthi inkinga ilula njengomklamo wesivalo ophazamisa umgodi, obangela indlela yokuvuza edlula esikhwameni noma emgodleni owonakele. Ngezinye izikhathi sithola ukuthi ukuhlanzwa okusetshenziselwa ukuhlanza imigqa kanye ngonyaka yikona okubangela lokhu, futhi akekho oshintsha izinto zesivalo ukuze abonise lokhu kusongela izingxenye zesivalo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Agasti-25-2023