Iyini Iphampu Yamanzi Mechanical Seal

Isigxivizo somshini wepompo yamanzi siyingxenye ebalulekile eklanyelwe ukuvimbela ukuvuza koketshezi epompo, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle nokuphila isikhathi eside. Ngokusebenzisa inhlanganisela yezinto ezigcina ukuthintana okuqinile ngenkathi kunyakaza, isebenza njengesithiyo phakathi kwezinqubo zangaphakathi zephampu nendawo yangaphandle. Lolu phawu ludlala indima ebalulekile ekugcineni ubuqotho bezinhlelo zokumpompa amanzi kuzo zonke izinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukahlukene, kusukela ezintweni zasendlini kuya emishinini yezimboni.

Yini AmanziPump Mechanical Seal?
Isigxivizo somshini wepompo yamanzi sisebenza njengengxenye ebalulekile ezinhlotsheni ezihlukahlukene zamaphampu, sidlala indima ebalulekile ekuvimbeleni ukuvuza koketshezi. Njengoba ibekwe phakathi kwe-shaft ejikelezayo nezingxenye ezimile zephampu, lolu phawu lugcina umgoqo wokubamba ovimbela uketshezi olumpontshwa ukuba lungaphunyuki endaweni ezungezile noma lungene empompini ngokwayo. Ngenxa yokubaluleka kwazo okuyisisekelo ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza kahle, okungavuzi, ukuqonda ukwakheka nokusebenza kwalezi zimpawu kubalulekile kunoma ubani ohilelekile ekunakekeleni iphampu, ukuklama, noma ukukhetha.

Ukwakhiwa kwe-mechanical pump mechanical seal kuhlanganisa ezimbili eziyinhlokoukuvala ubuso: enye ixhunywe ku-shaft ejikelezayo futhi enye igxilwe engxenyeni emile yepompo. Lobu buso bufakwe ngomshini futhi bupholishiwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuvuza okuncane futhi sicindezelwa kanye namandla ashiwo yiziphethu noma ezinye izindlela. Ukukhethwa kwezinto zalobu buso bokuvala kubalulekile ngoba kufanele kuhambisane nezimo zokusebenza ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa izinga lokushisa, ukucindezela, ukuhambisana kwamakhemikhali noketshezi olumpontshwayo, kanye nezinhlayiya ezingase ziqhume ezikhona oketshezini.

Isici esisodwa esikhangayo sezimpawu zemishini yepompo yamanzi phezu kwezindlala ezipakishwayo zendabuko amandla azo okusingatha izingcindezi eziphezulu kanye nempumelelo yawo ekuqukethe uketshezi oluyingozi noma oluyigugu olunomthelela omncane wendawo. Idizayini yabo inciphisa ukulahlekelwa okungqubuzanayo okuhumushela ekusebenzeni kahle kwamandla kanye nokunciphisa izindleko zokusebenza ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Isebenza Kanjani Iphampu Yamanzi Mechanical Seal?
Umgomo wokusebenza ngemuva kwe-mechanical seal uqondile kodwa uyasebenza kakhulu. Lapho iphampu isebenza, ingxenye ejikelezayo yophawu iphenduka ne-shaft kuyilapho ingxenye emile ihlala ingashintshi. Phakathi kwalezi zingxenye ezimbili kukhona ifilimu elincanyana kakhulu le-liquid eliphuma epompo ngokwayo. Le filimu ayigcini nje ngokuthambisa ubuso be-seal kodwa futhi isebenza njengesithiyo esivimbela ukuvuza.

Ukusebenza kwalo mshini wokuvala kuncike kakhulu ekugcineni ibhalansi efanele phakathi kokugcina ukuthintana okuseduze (ukuvimbela ukuvuza) nokunciphisa ukungqubuzana (ukunciphisa ukuguga). Ukuze kuzuzwe lokhu kubhalansi, ama-mechanical seal aklanywa anezindawo ezipholishelwe kakhulu neziyisicaba ezivumela ukuthi zishibilike ngokushelela kwezinye, zinciphise ukuvuza kuyilapho zinciphisa ukuguga.

Izigxivizo zemishini zisebenzisa izindlela zasentwasahlobo ukuze kugcinwe ingcindezi engapheli phakathi kobuso be-seal, ukulungisa ukuguga noma noma yikuphi ukungahambi kahle phakathi kwe-shaft ne-pump house. Lokhu kuzivumelanisa nezimo kuqinisekisa ukuthi ngisho nangemva kokusetshenziswa okuphawulekayo, uphawu lwemishini lungaqhubeka nokusebenza ngempumelelo, luvimbele ukuvuza koketshezi ngokuphumelelayo kuyo yonke impilo yalo yenkonzo.

Izinzuzo Water Pump Mechanical Seal
Ukuvalwa Okuphumelelayo Kakhulu: Izigxivizo zemishini zinikeza ukuvala okuphezulu uma kuqhathaniswa nezindlela zendabuko ezifana nokupakishwa kwendlala, kunciphisa kakhulu ingozi yokuvuza nokukhuthaza ukuphepha kwemvelo.
Ukunakekelwa Okuncishisiwe Nezindleko: Izigxivizo zemishini zihlala isikhathi eside futhi zidinga ukulungiswa okungavamile noma ukushintshwa, okuholela ekunciphiseni isikhathi sokuphumula kanye nokonga kokusebenza kwesikhathi eside.
Ukongiwa kwamandla: Idizayini yezimpawu zomshini kunciphisa ukungqubuzana, okuholela ekusetshenzisweni kwamandla okuphansi ngohlelo lwephampu kanye nokonga kwezindleko ezibalulekile ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Ukuhlukahluka: Izigxivizo zemishini zingakwazi ukuphatha uketshezi oluhlukahlukene, amazinga okushisa, izingcindezi, nokwakheka kwamakhemikhali, okuwenza afanelekele uhla olubanzi lwezinhlelo zokusebenza kuzo zonke izimboni.
Ukugqokwa Okuncishisiwe Ezingxenyeni Zephampu: Ukuvalwa kahle kunciphisa ukuvuza kwangaphakathi, kuvikela ama-fump shafts nama-bearings emonakalweni futhi kwandise isikhathi sokuphila sezingxenye ezibalulekile.
Intuthuko Yezobuchwepheshe: Intuthuko kubuchwepheshe bezinto ezibonakalayo iholele ekukhiqizweni kwezigxivizo zemishini ezinokwethenjelwa ezikwazi ukusebenza ngaphansi kwezimo ezimbi kakhulu ngaphandle kokwehluleka. Izinto ezifana ne-silicon carbide, i-tungsten carbide, nezitsha zobumba zinikeza ukumelana okuthuthukisiwe ekushiseni, ukuguga, nokugqwala.
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Izinhlobo Zezimpawu Zemishini Yamaphampu Amanzi
Izinhlobo zeMechanical Seals Incazelo
Ibhalansi vs.Izimpawu EzingalinganiIzigxivizo ezilinganisiwe zibamba ingcindezi ephezulu ngomthwalo omncane we-hydraulic ebusweni be-seal, okuqinisekisa impilo ende. Ama-seal angalingani alula, afaneleka kakhulu izinhlelo zokusebenza ezinomfutho ophansi.
Izigxivizo zePusher nezingezona Zokusunduza Izigxivizo zomshini zisebenzisa izakhi zesibili ukugcina ukuthintana ngezingcindezi ezihlukene, zijwayelana kahle kodwa zigugile kalula. Ama-non-pusher seal ancike ekuvutheleni kwe-elastomeric impilo ende kanye nezingxenye ezihambayo ezimbalwa.
I-Cartridge Seals Ihlanganiswe kusengaphambili ukuze ifakwe kalula, ilungele ukuqondanisa okunembayo, ukunciphisa amaphutha nesikhathi sokuyilungisa. Kwaziwa ngokwethembeka nokuba lula.
I-Bellow Seals Sebenzisa izivunguvungu zensimbi noma ze-elastomeric esikhundleni seziphethu, ezivumela ukungahambi kahle nokuphatha kahle uketshezi olubolayo.
I-Lip Seals Izindleko eziphansi nobulula, ingena ngqo ku-shaft ngokulingana kokuphazamiseka, isebenza kahle ezimweni zenjongo evamile kodwa ayifanele ukusetshenziswa koketshezi olunomfutho ophezulu noma olunamanzi.
Ibhalansi ngokumelene ne-Unbalanced Seals
I-Mechanical Seal Engalingani ngokuyinhloko ihlushwa ingcindezi ephezulu esebenza ebusweni be-seal, okungaholela ekwenyukeni kokuguga. Ubulula bomklamo bubenza balungele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezinengcindezi ephansi, ngokuvamile ezingadluli imigoqo engu-12-15. Ukwakhiwa kwazo okuqondile kusho ukuthi zivame ukonga kakhulu kodwa zingase zingalungeli izinhlelo zokucindezela okukhulu ngenxa yokuthambekela kwazo ukuvuza ngaphansi kwengcindezi eyengeziwe.

Izimpawu Zemishini Elinganisiwezenzelwe ukuphatha izingcindezi eziphakeme kakhulu ngempumelelo, ezivame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ezedlula amabha angama-20. Lokhu kufinyelelwa ngokushintsha i-geometry yophawu ukuze ilinganisele ukucindezela koketshezi olusebenza ebusweni be-seal, ngaleyo ndlela kuncishiswe amandla e-axial nokushisa okukhiqizwa kusixhumi esibonakalayo. Njengomphumela walokhu kubhalansi okuthuthukisiwe, lezi zimpawu zinikeza impilo ende ethuthukisiwe nokuthembeka ezindaweni ezinomfutho ophezulu kodwa zivame ukuba yinkimbinkimbi futhi zibize kakhulu kunozakwabo abangalingani.

Ama-Pusher kanye nama-Non-Pusher Seals
Isici esiyinhloko esenza lezi zinhlobo ezimbili zezimpawu zihluke indlela yazo yokuhlanganisa izinguquko ekugqokeni kobuso noma izinguquko zobukhulu ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwezinga lokushisa nokuhluka kwengcindezi.

Ama-Pusher Seal asebenzisa isici sokuvala sesibili esiguqukayo, njengendandatho ye-O noma iweji, ehamba nge-axially eduze kwe-shaft noma umkhono ukuze ulondoloze ukuxhumana nobuso bophawu. Lokhu kunyakaza kuqinisekisa ukuthi ubuso be-seal bugcinwa buvaliwe futhi buqondaniswe kahle, ngaleyo ndlela kunxephezela ukuguga nokwanda kokushisa. Ama-Pusher seal aziwa ngokuguquguquka kwawo ezimeni ezahlukahlukene zokusebenza, okuwenza abe ukukhetha okusebenzayo kwezinhlelo eziningi ezahlukahlukene.

Ama-Non-Pusher Sealssebenzisa isici sokuvala esimile—imvamisa isivunguvungu (okungaba insimbi noma i-elastomer)—enyakaziswayo ukuze ivumelane noshintsho lobude phakathi kobuso bophawu ngaphandle kokunyakaza nge-axially eduze kwengxenye abayivalayo. Lo mklamo uqeda isidingo sesici sokuvala sesibili esiguqukayo, sinciphisa amandla okulenga noma ukunamathela okubangelwa ukungcola noma ukufakwa ezingxenyeni ezishelelayo. Ama-non-pusher seal azuzisa kakhulu ekuphatheni amakhemikhali aqinile, amazinga okushisa aphezulu, noma lapho kudingeka khona ukulungiswa okuncane.

Ukukhetha phakathi kwama-pusher nama-non-pusher seal kuvame ukuncika ezindlekweni ezithile zokusebenza ezifana nohlobo loketshezi, izinga lokushisa, amazinga okucindezela, nokukhathazeka kwemvelo njengokuhambisana kwamakhemikhali nokuhlanzeka. Uhlobo ngalunye lunezinzuzo zalo ezihlukile: ama-pusher seal anikeza ukuguquguquka kuzo zonke izimo ezihlukene kuyilapho ama-non-pusher seal ahlinzeka ngokwethembeka kuzimo ezifunwayo ezinokunakekelwa okuncane.

Izimpawu ze-Cartridge
Izigxivizo ze-Cartridge zimelela intuthuko enkulu emkhakheni wezigxivizo zemishini zamaphampu amanzi. Lezi zimpawu zihlukaniswa ngokuklama kwazo zonke-in-one, ezihlanganisa uphawu lwe-seal kanye ne-gland plate ibe iyunithi eyodwa. Le mvelo ehlanganiswe kusengaphambili yenza lula izinqubo zokufaka futhi inciphise amaphutha okusetha angaholela ekuhlulekeni kokuvala. Izigxivizo ze-Cartridge ziklanyelwe ukulondolozwa kalula nokuthembeka, okuzenza zibe ukukhetha okuthandwayo kwezinhlelo zokusebenza lapho ukunemba nokuqina kubaluleke kakhulu.

Isici esichazayo se-cartridge seal yikhono lazo lokusingatha ukungahambi kahle phakathi kwe-pump shaft ne-seal chamber. Ngokungafani nezimpawu zengxenye evamile ezidinga ukuqondanisa okunembayo ukuze kusebenze ngempumelelo, ama-cartridge seal athethelela ngezinga elithile lokungaqondani kahle, ngaleyo ndlela ehlisa ukuguga nokwelula impilo yesevisi. Lesi sibaluli sizuzisa kakhulu ezinhlelweni ezibandakanya ukuzungezisa ngesivinini esiphezulu noma izimo zokusebenza ezihlukene.

Ukwakhiwa kwezimpawu ze-cartridge kuhlanganisa izingxenye eziningana ezibalulekile: ubuso obujikelezayo, obujikelezayo ne-pump shaft; ubuso obumile, lapho ubuso obujikelezayo bushelela khona; iziphethu noma izifutho ezisebenzisa amandla e-axial ukuze kugcinwe ukuxhumana kobuso; kanye nezakhi zokuvala zesibili ezivimbela ukuvuza eduze kwe-shaft kanye ne-gland plate. Izinto zalezi zingxenye ziyahlukahluka kuye ngezimo zesevisi kodwa ngokuvamile zihlanganisa i-silicon carbide, i-tungsten carbide, izitsha zobumba, nama-elastomer ahlukahlukene.

Izigxivizo ze-Cartridge mechanical zinikeza izinzuzo zokusebenza ezifana nokuzinza okushisayo okuthuthukisiwe kanye namakhono athuthukisiwe okuvimbela ukuvuza. Idizayini yazo eqinile inciphisa ingozi yokulimala ngesikhathi sokuphatha noma ukufakwa—inkinga evamile enezingxenye ezintekenteke kakhulu zezimpawu. Ukwengeza, njengoba ehlanganiswe efekthri futhi ingcindezi ihlolwe, amathuba okuhlangana okungalungile ehla kakhulu.

Bellow Seals
I-Bellow seal iyisigaba esihlukile se-mechanical seal esetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko kumaphampu amanzi. Idizayini yabo isebenzisa into eguquguqukayo yohlobo lwe-accordion ukuze kushukumise ubuso bophawu, ibenze babe nekhono lokwamukela ukungahambi kahle kwe-shaft kanye nokuphuma ngaphandle, kanye nokunyakaza kwe-axial kwe-shaft. Lokhu kuvumelana nezimo kubalulekile ekugcineni isivalo esiqinile ngaphansi kwezimo zokusebenza ezihlukene.

Ukusebenza kwama-bellow seal akuncikile eziphethwini zokulayisha okudingekayo ukuze kugcinwe ubuso obuvaliwe buhlangene; esikhundleni salokho, basebenzisa ukunwebeka kwento engezansi ngokwayo. Lesi sici siqeda amaphuzu amaningi okuhluleka angaba khona futhi sibe nomthelela ekuphileni kwabo isikhathi eside nokwethembeka. Ama-Bellow seal angenziwa ngezinto ezimbalwa, okuhlanganisa insimbi nama-elastomer ahlukahlukene, ngayinye ikhethwa ngokusekelwe ezidingweni ezithile zohlelo lokusebenza ezihlanganisa ukumelana nezinga lokushisa, ukuhambisana kwamakhemikhali, namandla okusingatha ingcindezi.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zama-bellow seal: izinsimbi zensimbi kanye ne-elastomer bellows. Izigxivizo zensimbi zensimbi zikhethwa emazingeni okushisa aphezulu noma lapho kusebenzana namakhemikhali anolaka angase ehlise isithunzi sezinto ezithambile. Ama-Elastomer bellow seal ngokuvamile asetshenziswa ezindaweni ezingaqinile kangako kodwa anikeza ukuguquguquka okuhle kakhulu futhi abiza izindleko ezihlukahlukene zezinhlelo zokusebenza.

Enye inzuzo ephawulekayo yokusebenzisa izigxivizo ze-bellow yikhono lazo lokusingatha inani elikhulu lokunyakaza kwe-axial shaft ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ukusebenza kahle. Lokhu kuzenza zibe usizo ikakhulukazi ezinhlelweni zokusebenza lapho ukukhula okushisayo kwe-pump shaft kulindelekile noma lapho ukuqondana kwemishini kungakwazi ukulawulwa ngokunembile.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba ama-bellow seal angaklanywa ukuthi asebenze ngaphandle kokusebenzisa amasistimu asizayo (okupholisa noma ukugcoba), asekela imiklamo yephampu eqondile futhi eyongayo ngokunciphisa izidingo zengxenye ye-peripheral.

Ekubuyekezeni ukukhethwa kwezinto zalezi zimpawu, ukuhambisana ne-pumped medium kubalulekile. Izinsimbi ezifana ne-Hastelloy, i-Inconel, i-Monel, nezinsimbi ezingagqwali ezihlukahlukene ziyizinketho ezivamile zezindawo eziyinselele. Okwezinsimbi ze-elastomer, izinto ezifana nerabha ye-nitrile (NBR), i-ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM), amarabha abicah (VMQ), nama-fluoroelastomers afana ne-Viton akhethwa ngokusekelwe ekuqineni kwawo emiphumeleni yoketshezi ehlukahlukene egqwalayo noma egugulekayo.

Izindebe Zezindebe
Izindebe ze-Lip ziwuhlobo oluthile lwe-mechanical seal esetshenziswa kumaphampu amanzi, eklanyelwe ngokuyinhloko izinhlelo zokusebenza zokucindezela okuphansi. Ebonakala ngobulula nokusebenza kahle kwazo, ama-lip seal ahlanganisa i-casing yensimbi ebamba udebe oluguquguqukayo ngokumelene ne-shaft ejikelezayo. Loludebe ludala ukuxhumana okuvalekayo okuguquguqukayo okuvimbela amanzi noma olunye uketshezi ukuthi lungavuzi kuyilapho luvumela i-shaft ukuthi ijikeleze ngokukhululeka. Umklamo wabo uvame ukuqondile, okwenza kube inketho yokonga yezinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi.

Ukuphumelela kwezindebe zomlomo kumaphampu amanzi kuncike esimweni sendawo ye-shaft kanye nokukhethwa okufanele kwezinto ezibonakalayo ezisekelwe endaweni yokusebenza. Izinto ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ezindebeni zifaka irabha ye-nitrile, i-polyurethane, i-silicone, ne-fluoropolymer elastomers, ngayinye ihlinzeka ngezinzuzo ezihlukile mayelana nokumelana nezinga lokushisa, ukuhambisana kwamakhemikhali, nokumelana nokugqoka.

Ukukhetha i-lip seal efanele yepompo yamanzi kuhilela ukucabangela izici ezifana nohlobo loketshezi, ububanzi bengcindezi, izinga lokushisa elidlulele, nesivinini se-shaft. Ukukhetha okungalungile kwempahla noma ukufakwa okungafanele kungaholela ekuhlulekeni ngaphambi kwesikhathi kophawu. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuthobela imihlahlandlela yomkhiqizi kanye nezinqubo ezihamba phambili phakathi kokubili kwezinqubo zokukhetha nokufaka.

Ngaphandle kwemikhawulo yazo ezimeni ezinengcindezi ephezulu uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zezimpawu zomshini ezifana ne-balanced noma i-cartridge seal, izigxivizo zomlomo zigcina ukusetshenziswa okubanzi ngenxa yezindleko zazo kanye nokusebenza kalula kwazo. Athandwa kakhulu ezinhlelweni zamanzi zokuhlala, amaphampu okupholisa izimoto, nasezisetshenziswa ezimbonini ezilula lapho izingcindezi zihlala zilinganiselwe.

Idizayini ye-Water Pump Mechanical Seal
Ubunkimbinkimbi bokuklama uphawu olusebenzayo lwemishini buhilela ukucatshangelwa okuningana okubalulekile, okuhlanganisa ukukhethwa kwezinto ezifanele, ukuqonda izimo zokusebenza, nokuthuthukisa i-geometry yobuso bophawu.

Emgogodleni wayo, isigxivizo somshini wepompo yamanzi siqukethe izingxenye ezimbili eziyinhloko ezibalulekile emsebenzini walo: ingxenye emile exhunywe ebhokisini lepompo kanye nengxenye ejikelezayo exhunywe ku-shaft. Lezi zingxenye zihlangana ngokuqondile ebusweni bazo bokuvala, obupholishwa ukuze kufinyelele amazinga aphezulu okushelela, ukunciphisa ukungqubuzana nokuguga ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Okunye okucatshangelwayo okubalulekile kwedizayini ukukhetha izinto ezingamelana nezingcindezi zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene njengokuguquguquka kwezinga lokushisa, ukuchayeka kwamakhemikhali, nokuhuzuka. Izinto ezijwayelekile zifaka i-silicon carbide, i-tungsten carbide, i-ceramic, insimbi engagqwali, ne-carbon graphite. Impahla ngayinye inikezela ngezakhiwo ezihlukile ezihlinzeka ezindaweni ezihlukene zokuvala nokusetshenziswa.

Esinye isici esimaphakathi ekwakhiweni komshini wophawu ukulinganisa izingcindezi zamanzi ebusweni bophawu. Lokhu kubhalansa kunciphisa ukuvuza futhi kunciphisa ukuguga kobuso. Onjiniyela basebenzisa izindlela ezithuthukisiwe zokubala kanye nezinqubo zokuhlola ukuze babikezele ukuthi imiklamo izosebenza kanjani ngaphansi kwezimo zokusebenza zomhlaba wangempela. Ngezinqubo zokuklama eziphindaphindayo ezihlanganisa ukulingiswa kwesici esilinganiselwe (i-FEA), abakhiqizi bangakwazi ukucwenga amajiyometri ophawu ukuze asebenze kahle.

Ijiyomethri yobuso be-Seal ngokwayo idlala indima ebalulekile ekugcineni ukushuba kwefilimu phakathi kobuso ngaphansi kwengcindezi nesivinini esihlukahlukene. Izithombe zobuso eziklanywe kahle zisiza ukusabalalisa uketshezi ngokulinganayo endaweni engaphezulu, kuthuthukiswe ukugcotshwa nokupholisa ngesikhathi esifanayo kuncishiswe ukuguga.

Ngokungeziwe kulezi zakhi, ukunakwa kuqondiswe ekusebenziseni izici ezithwala ukunyakaza kwe-axial noma kwe-radial okubangelwa ukwanda kokushisa noma ukudlidliza. Imiklamo enjalo iqinisekisa ukuthi ukuxhumana kuyagcinwa phakathi kwezindawo zokuvala ngaphandle kokucindezeleka ngokweqile okungaholela ekuhlulekeni ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

Material of Water Pump Mechanical Seal
Seal Face Materials Properties
I-Silicon Carbide Ubulukhuni obungavamile, ukuqhutshwa kokushisa, ukumelana namakhemikhali
I-Tungsten Carbide Ukuqina okuhle kakhulu, ukumelana nokugqoka (imvamisa kuba brittle kune-silicon carbide)
I-Ceramic High corrosion resistance, ilungele izindawo ezinolaka lwamakhemikhali
I-graphite Izakhiwo zokuzithambisa, ezisetshenziswa lapho ukugcoba kunzima khona
Izinto Zokuvala Sesibili Izinto
O-rings/Gaskets Nitrile (NBR), Viton (FKM), Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (EPDM), Perfluoroelastomers (FFKM)
Izinto ze-Metallurgical Components
I-Springs/Metal Bellows Insimbi engagqwali (isb, 304, 316) yokumelana nokugqwala; ama-alloys angavamile njenge-Hastelloy noma i-Alloy 20 ezindaweni ezigqwalile kakhulu
Ukukhetha Uphawu Lomshini Wephampu Lamanzi Ofanele
Lapho ukhetha uphawu olufanele lomshini lwephampu yamanzi, kunezinto ezimbalwa ezibalulekile okufanele uzikhumbule. Ukukhetha okuphumelelayo kuncike ekuqondeni izidingo ezihlukene zohlelo lokusebenza nokuhlola izici ezihlukahlukene ezithonya ukusebenza kophawu. Lokhu kufaka phakathi imvelo yoketshezi olumpontshwayo, izimo zokusebenza, ukuhambisana kwezinto, kanye nezici ezithile zomklamo wophawu.

Izakhiwo zoketshezi zidlala indima ebalulekile; amakhemikhali anolaka afuna izigxivizo ezenziwe ngezinto ezimelana nokugqwala noma ukuhlaselwa kwamakhemikhali. Ngokufanayo, uketshezi olunamanzi ludinga ubuso be-seal obuqinile ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuguga ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Izimo zokusebenza ezifana nokucindezela, izinga lokushisa, nesivinini zinquma ukuthi uphawu olulinganiselwe noma olungalingani lufanelekile yini, futhi uma uhlobo oluphushayo noma olungaphushi lungathembeka kakhulu.

Ukuhambisana kwezinto ze-Seal kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni impilo ende yesevisi nokusebenza okuphezulu. I-silicon carbide, i-tungsten carbide, kanye ne-ceramics yizinketho ezivamile zobuso be-seal ngenxa yokuqina kwazo nokumelana nezimo ezimbi kakhulu. Izakhi zokuvala zesibili—ngokuvamile ama-elastomer afana ne-Viton noma i-EPDM—kufanele futhi zihambisane noketshezi lwenqubo ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuwohloka.

Ngokungeziwe kulokhu kucatshangelwa, ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza zingazuza kuzigxivizo ezikhethekile njengezigxivizo ze-cartridge ukuze zifakwe kalula, izigxivizo ze-bellow zezinhlelo zokusebenza ezinokunyakaza okulinganiselwe kwe-axial, noma izindebe zokuvalwa kwezindebe zezimo ezingafuneki kangako.

Ekugcineni, ukukhetha isigxivizo esilungile sepompo yamanzi kuhlanganisa ukuhlolwa okuningiliziwe kwezidingo ezihlukile zohlelo ngalunye. Ukubonisana nabakhiqizi noma ochwepheshe kungakunikeza imininingwane ebalulekile lapho uhlobo lwe-seal kanye nokwakheka kwento evumelana kangcono nezidingo zakho, kuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kanye nobude besikhathi bemishini. Ulwazi kule ndawo alugcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kodwa futhi lunciphisa kakhulu ingozi yokwehluleka okungalindelekile kanye nezindleko zokuyilungisa.

Yini Ebangela Ukuhluleka Kwephampu Yamanzi Mechanical Seal?
Ukufakwa okungalungile: Uma uphawu lungaqondanisiwe kahle noma luhlezi phakathi nokulufaka, lungaholela ekugugekeni okungalingani, ukuvuza, noma ngisho nokwehluleka okuphelele ngaphansi kwengcindezi yokusebenza.
Ukukhetha okungalungile kwento yotywino: Ukukhetha into engalungile yotywino yohlelo oluthile kungaholela ekulimaleni kwamakhemikhali noma okushisayo uma kuvezwe uketshezi olugqwala kakhulu noma olushisa kakhulu kwinto ekhethiwe.
Izici zokusebenza: Ukomisa ukusebenza, ukusebenzisa iphampu ngaphandle koketshezi olwanele, kungabangela ukwakheka kokushisa okudlulele okuholela ekulimaleni kophawu. I-Cavitation, eyenzeka lapho amabhamuza omhwamu akha oketshezini ngenxa yezinguquko ezisheshayo engcindezini bese egoqeka ngokwawo, angaguga futhi agugule izimpawu zemishini ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Ukuphatha okungalungile noma izinqubo zokunakekela: Ukusetshenziswa okungaphezu kwemikhawulo enconyiwe njengokugcwala kokucindezela, izinga lokushisa elidlulele elingaphezu kwezicaciso zedizayini, noma isivinini esizungezayo esidlula lokho isigxivizo esiklanyelwe sona sizosheshisa ukuguga. Ukungcola okungaphakathi kwesistimu - okuvela ezinhlayiyeni ezifika phakathi kwezindawo zokuvala - kusheshisa ukuwohloka futhi.
Ululungisa kanjani uphawu lwemishini empompini yamanzi?
Isinyathelo 1: Ukulungiselela Nokuphepha

Qinisekisa ukuphepha: Ngaphambi kokuqala noma yimuphi umsebenzi, gqoka izinto zokuphepha ezifanele futhi unqamule yonke imithombo yamandla empompini yamanzi ukuze uvimbele izingozi.
Hlanza indawo yokusebenza: Qinisekisa ukuthi indawo yokusebenza ihlanzekile futhi ayinawo udoti ukuvikela ukungcoliswa ngesikhathi sokulungiswa.
Isinyathelo sesi-2: Ukudiliza Iphampu Yamanzi

Hlukanisa ngokucophelela: Susa amabhawodi noma izikulufu ezivikela isikhwama sepompo nezinye izingxenye, ulandelela izingxenye ezisusiwe ukuze zihlanganiswe kalula kamuva.
Finyelela uphawu lomshini: Uma seluhlakaziwe, thola futhi ufinyelele uphawu lomshini ngaphakathi kwepompo.
Isinyathelo sesi-3: Ukuhlola Nokuhlola

Hlola umonakalo: Hlola kahle uphawu lomshini ukuze uthole izimpawu zokulimala njengokuqhekeka, ukuguga ngokweqile, noma ukugqwala.
Nquma isidingo sokushintsha: Uma isigxivizo sonakalisiwe, kufanele sishintshwe kufakwe esinye esifanelekile esifana nezici zephampu.
Isinyathelo sesi-4: Ukufaka uphawu olusha lukaMechanical

Indawo ehlanzekile: Hlanza zonke izindawo ezixhumene nazo ukuze ususe udoti noma izinsalela, uqinisekise ukunamathela okufanele kophawu olusha.
Faka uhlangothi lwasentwasahlobo: Beka ngokucophelela uhlangothi lwentwasahlobo lwesici esisha kumkhono we-shaft, uqinisekise ukuthi luhlezi kahle ngaphandle kwamandla amakhulu.
Faka okokugcoba: Uma kunesidingo, sebenzisa okokugcoba okuncane ukuze kube lula ukufaka.
Isinyathelo sesi-5: Ukulinganisa nokulinganisa

Qondanisa ingxenye emile: Qondanisa bese ucindezela faka ingxenye emile yophawu esihlalweni sayo ngaphakathi kwekheshi yepompo noma ipuleti lendlala, uqinisekise ukuqondana okufanele ukuvimbela ukuvuza noma ukwehluleka ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
Isinyathelo sesi-6: Ukuhlanganisa kabusha

I-Reverse disassembly: Hlanganisa kabusha zonke izingxenye ngokulandelana kwe-disassembly, uqinisekise ukuthi ingxenye ngayinye ivikelekile kuzilungiselelo zayo ze-torque ezishiwo ukuvimbela izingxenye ezixekethile ngesikhathi sokusebenza.
Isinyathelo sesi-7: Ukuhlolwa Kokugcina

Zungezisa umshini mathupha: Ngaphambi kokuphinda uxhume amandla, zungezisa umshini wepompo ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi azikho izithiyo nokuthi zonke izingxenye zihamba ngokukhululeka njengoba kulindelekile.
Hlola ukuvuza: Ngemva kokuhlanganisa kabusha, hlola noma yikuphi ukuvuza eduze kwendawo yophawu ukuze uqinisekise ukufakwa ngendlela efanele.

Ihlala Isikhathi Esingakanani Sezigxivizo Zomshini Wokumpompa?
Isikhathi sokuphila se-pump mechanical seal isici esibalulekile sokugcinwa nokusebenza kahle kwezinhlelo zokusebenza zezimboni ezihlukahlukene. Ngokuvamile, ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanele, uphawu olunakekelwa kahle lwemishini lungahlala noma kuphi ukusuka eminyakeni engu-1 ukuya kwemi-3 ngaphambi kokudinga ukushintshwa noma ukunakekelwa. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi impilo yesevisi yangempela ingahluka kakhulu ngokusekelwe ezicini ezimbalwa.

Izici ezibalulekile ezithonya ukuqina kwezigxivizo zemishini yepompo zihlanganisa ukusetshenziswa kwemboni ethile, izimo zokusebenza ezifana nezinga lokushisa nokucindezela, uhlobo loketshezi olumpontshwayo, kanye nokuba khona kwezinto ezilimazayo noma ezibolayo ngaphakathi koketshezi. Ukwengeza, ukwakheka kwezinto zophawu kanye nomklamo walo (okulinganiselayo uma kuqhathaniswa nokungalingani, i-cartridge vs. Bellow, njll.) kudlala indima ebalulekile ekunqumeni ubude bayo besikhathi eside.

Ukunakekelwa okujwayelekile kanye nokufakwa ngendlela efanele nakho kubalulekile ekwandiseni iminyaka yokuphila yalezi zimpawu. Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ubuso be-seal buhlala buhlanzekile futhi buqinile, ukuqapha izimpawu zokuguga, kanye nokunamathela ezicacisweni zomkhiqizi ukuze zisebenze kungandisa kakhulu isikhathi sazo sokusebenza ngempumelelo.

Singanwetshwa Kanjani Isikhathi Sokuphila Se-Mechanical Seal?
Ukwelula ubude besikhathi sesici somshini kumaphampu amanzi kuhilela ukunakekelwa ngokucophelela, ukufakwa okuphelele, nokusebenza ngaphakathi kwemingcele eshiwo.

Ukukhetha okufanele okusekelwe ezidingweni zohlelo lokusebenza kuqinisekisa ukuhambisana nezimo zokusebenza. Ukuhlola njalo nokunakekela kunciphisa ukuguga futhi kuvimbele ukwehluleka ngaphambi kokuba kube okubucayi. Ukuqinisekisa uketshezi oluhlanzekile kubalulekile njengoba ukungcola kungasheshisa ukuguga. Ukufaka izilawuli zemvelo, njengamapulani okukhipha uphawu, ukulawula ukushisa ngokuphumelelayo futhi kususe izinhlayiya ezingase zilimaze ubuso bophawu.

Ukulinganisa amapharamitha okusebenza ukuze kugwenywe izingcindezi ezeqile noma amazinga okushisa adlula izicaciso zophawu kubalulekile ukuze kuphile isikhathi eside. Ukusebenzisa amasistimu okuthambisa kanye nokupholisa lapho kudingeka kusiza ukugcina izimo ezikahle zokusebenza kophawu. Ukugwema izimo zokusebenza ezomile kugcina ubuqotho bezimpawu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ukuqeqesha ama-opharetha ngezindlela ezingcono kakhulu zokuqalisa kanye nezinqubo zokuvala shaqa kuvimbela ukucindezeleka okungadingekile kuma-seal mechanical. Ukunamathela kumashejuli okulungisa ezikhathi ezithile ukuze uhlole izingxenye ezifana nezipringi, ama-bellows, namakholola wokukhiya ukuze uthole izimpawu zokuguga noma zomonakalo kudlala indima ebalulekile ekwandiseni impilo yesevisi.

Ngokugxila ekukhetheni okufanele, ukunemba kokufaka, izinyathelo zokuvikela ekungeneni kokungcola, kanye nokuhambisana neziqondiso zokusebenza, isikhathi sokuphila sezimpawu zemishini yepompo yamanzi singathuthukiswa kakhulu. Le ndlela yokuvikela ayigcini nje ngokuvikela ukwethembeka kwezinhlelo zokupompa kodwa futhi ithuthukisa ukusebenza kahle okuphelele ngokunciphisa isikhathi sokuphumula kanye nezindleko zokuyilungisa.

Ekuphetheni
Kafushane, uphawu lomshini wepompo lamanzi luyingxenye ebalulekile eklanyelwe ukuvimbela ukuvuza nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kwamaphampu aphakathi nendawo ngokugcina umgoqo phakathi koketshezi olumpontshwayo nendawo yangaphandle.