futha uphawuukwehluleka nokuvuza kungesinye sezizathu ezivame kakhulu zokuthi iphampu ingasebenzi, futhi ingabangelwa izici eziningi. Ukuze ugweme ukuvuza kwe-pump seal kanye nokwehluleka, kubalulekile ukuqonda inkinga, ukukhomba iphutha, futhi uqinisekise ukuthi izimpawu ezizayo azibangeli omunye umonakalo wepompo kanye nezindleko zokuyilungisa. Lapha, sibheka izizathu eziphezulu ze-pump seal ezihlulekayo nokuthi yini ongayenza ukuze uzigweme.
Pump mechanical sealsziyingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yamaphampu. Ama-seal avimbela uketshezi olumpontshiwe ukuthi lungavuzi futhi lugcina ngaphandle noma yiziphi izinto ezingaba ukungcola.
Zisetshenziselwa ukuhambisa uketshezi oluhlukahlukene ezimbonini ezifana nowoyela negesi, ukukhiqiza ugesi, amanzi namanzi angcolile, ukudla nesiphuzo, nokunye. Ngokusetshenziswa okubanzi okunjalo, kubalulekile ukuthi ukuvuza kukhonjwe, futhi kuvinjelwe ukuya phambili.
Kufanele kuvunywe ukuthi wonke ama-pump seals ayavuza; badinga, ukuze balondoloze ifilimu ewuketshezi phezu kobuso bophawu. Inhloso yophawu ukulawula ukuvuza. Kodwa-ke, ukuvuza okungalawuleki nokudlulele kungabangela umonakalo obalulekile epompo uma kungalungiswa ngokushesha.
Ukuthi ukuhluleka kophawu kuwumphumela wephutha lokufaka, ukwehluleka komklamo, ukuguga, ukungcola, ukwehluleka kwengxenye, noma iphutha elingahlobene, kubalulekile ukuxilonga inkinga ngesikhathi, ukuze kunqunywe ukuthi ukulungiswa okusha noma ukufakwa okusha kuyadingeka.
Ngokuqonda izimbangela zezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zokwehluleka kophawu lwephampu, nangamathiphu athile alula, isiqondiso nokuhlela, kuba lula kakhulu ukugwema ukuvuza okuzayo. Nalu uhlu lwezizathu ezivame kakhulu zokwehluleka kophawu lwephampu:
Iphutha lokufaka
Lapho uxilonga ukwehluleka kophawu lwephampu, inqubo yokuqala yokuqala nokufakwa kophawu kufanele kuhlolwe kuqala. Lesi yisona sizathu esivame kakhulu sokwehluleka kwezigxivizo. Uma amathuluzi alungile angasetshenzisiwe, uphawu lunomonakalo okhona noma uphawu alufakwanga ngendlela efanele, ipompo izolimala ngokushesha.
Ukufaka uphawu lwepompo ngokungalungile kungabangela ukwehluleka okuningi, njengokulimala kwe-elastomer. Ngenxa yobuso obubucayi, obuyisicaba be-pump seal, ngisho nokungcola okuncane, uwoyela noma izigxivizo zeminwe kungaholela ebusweni obungaqondani kahle. Uma ubuso bungalingani, ukuvuza ngokweqile kuzongena uphawu lwepompo. Uma izingxenye ezinkulu zophawu - njengamabhawudo, ukuthambisa, nokucushwa kwesistimu yokusekela - zingahloliwe, uphawu ngeke lusebenze kahle kusukela ekufakweni.
Izimbangela ezivame kakhulu zokufakwa kwezimpawu ezingafanele yilezi:
• Ukukhohlwa ukuqinisa isethi yezikulufo
• Ukonakalisa ubuso bophawu
• Ukusebenzisa ngokungalungile ukuxhumana kwamapayipi
• Ukungaqinisi amabhawodi edlala ngokulinganayo
Uma ingaziwa ngaphambi kokuqala iphampu, iphutha lokufaka lingabangela ukukhubeka kwemoto kanye nokusonteka kwe-shaft, kokubili okubangela ukunyakaza kwe-orbital kanye nezingxenye zangaphakathi ukuthintana. Lokhu ekugcineni kuzoholela ekuhlulekeni kwezimpawu kanye nempilo yokuzala elinganiselwe.
Ukukhetha uphawu olungalungile
Ukuntula ulwazi ngesikhathi sokuklanywa kwezimpawu kanye nenqubo yokufaka esinye isizathu esivamile sokwehluleka kwezigxivizo, ngakho ukukhetha uphawu olufanele kubalulekile. Kunezici eziningi okufanele zicatshangelwe lapho ukhetha uphawu olulungile lwepompo, njenge:
• Izimo zokusebenza
• Imisebenzi engeyona eyenqubo
• Ukuhlanza
• Ukushunqa
• I-Acid
• Ukushaywa kwe-Caustic
• Amathuba ohambo olungaphandle kwedizayini
Impahla yophawu kufanele ihambisane noketshezi olungaphakathi kwepompo, noma uphawu lungase luwohloke futhi luholele ekulimaleni okungaphezu kokuvuza koketshezi. Isibonelo esisodwa ukukhetha uphawu lwamanzi ashisayo; amanzi angaphezu kuka-87 ° C awakwazi ukugcoba nokupholisa ubuso be-seal, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukukhetha uphawu ngezinto ezifanele ze-elastomer kanye nemingcele yokusebenza. Uma kusetshenziswa uphawu olungalungile futhi uphawu lwephampu lusengozini, ukungqubuzana okuphezulu phakathi kobuso bezimpawu ezimbili kuzodala ukwehluleka okuthile.
Ukungahambisani kwamakhemikhali kwe-seal ngokuvamile akunakwa lapho kukhethwa uphawu lwepompo. Uma uketshezi lungahambisani ne-seal, lungabangela ukuthi izigxivizo zenjoloba, ama-gaskets, ama-impeller, ama-pump casings nama-diffuser aqhekeke, avuvuke, anciphe noma awonakale. Izivalo ngokuvamile zidinga ukushintshwa lapho ushintsha uketshezi olusebenza ngogesi ngaphakathi kwephampu. Kuye ngoketshezi lwephampu, uphawu olwenziwe ngezinto ezintsha, ezikhethekile lungase ludingeke ukuze kugwenywe ukwehluleka. Yonke i-fluid ne-pump design inezidingo zayo. Ukukhetha uphawu olungalungile kuzoqinisekisa izinselelo ezithile zohlelo lokusebenza kanye nomonakalo.
Ukugijima okomile
Ukugijima okomile kubangelwa lapho iphampu isebenza ngaphandle koketshezi. Uma izingxenye zangaphakathi ngaphakathi kwephampu, ezithembele oketshezini olumpontshwayo ukuze luphole futhi lugcotshwe, zivezwa ekungqubuzaneni okwenyukayo ngaphandle kokugcotshwa okwanele, ukushisa okuwumphumela kuzoholela ekuhlulekeni kokuvala. Ukwehluleka okuningi kokusebenza okomile kwenzeka ngokuqalisa kabusha iphampu ngemva kokulungiswa ngaphandle kokuhlola ukuthi iphampu igcwele uketshezi ngokuphelele.
Uma iphampu yomile futhi ukushisa kwenyukela ngaphezu kwalokho okungalawulwa yisivikelo, uphawu lwepompo lungase luqongelele umonakalo ongenakulungiseka. Uphawu lungashisa noma luncibilike, kubangele ukuvuza koketshezi. Imizuzwana embalwa nje yokusebenza okomile kungabangela ukuqhekeka kokushisa noma amabhamuza ocingweni, okuzoholela ekuvuzeni kwe-shaft shaft seal yepompo.
Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, lapho uphawu olusebenza ngomshini luzwa ukushaqeka okushisayo, lungaphahlazeka phakathi kwamasekhondi angu-30 noma ngaphansi. Ukuze uvimbele lolu hlobo oluthile lomonakalo, hlola uphawu lwepompo; uma uphawu selomile, ubuso bophawu buyoba mhlophe.
Ukudlidliza
Amaphampu ngokwemvelo ayanyakaza futhi ayadlidliza. Kodwa-ke, uma iphampu ingalingani kahle, ukudlidliza komshini kuzokhuphuka kuze kufike endaweni yokulimala. Ukudlidliza kwephampu kungase kubangelwe ukuqondanisa okungalungile nokusebenzisa iphampu kude kakhulu kwesokunxele noma kwesokudla se-Best Efficiency Point (BEP) yepompo. Ukudlidliza okuningi kuholela ekudlaleni okukhulu kwe-axial ne-radial kwe-shaft, okubangela ukuqondanisa okungalungile, kanye nokuvuza koketshezi okwengeziwe ngophawu.
Ukudlidliza nakho kungaba umphumela wokugcoba ngokweqile; uphawu olusebenza ngomshini luncike efilimini encane yokugcoba phakathi kobuso obuvaliwe, futhi ukudlidliza okuningi kuvimbela ukwakheka kwalolu ngqimba lokugcoba. Uma iphampu idinga ukusebenza ngaphansi kwezimo ezinzima, njengamaphampu e-dredge, uphawu olusetshenzisiwe ludinga ukwazi ukuphatha ukudlala kwe-axial ne-radial okungaphezu kwesilinganiso. Kubalulekile futhi ukukhomba i-BEP yephampu, futhi uqinisekise ukuthi iphampu ayinkulu noma iphansi kune-BEP yayo. Lokhu kungase kubangele izinhlobo eziningi zomonakalo ngale kokuvuza kwe-seal.
I-Bearing wear
Njengoba i-shaft yepompo ijikeleza, ama-bearings azoguga ngenxa yokungqubuzana. Ama-bearings agugile azobangela ukushwibeka kwe-shaft, okubuye kubangele ukundindizela okulimazayo, imiphumela yakho esesixoxe ngayo.
Ukugqoka kungenzeka ngokwemvelo esikhathini sokuphila kwe-seal. Izigxivizo ziyaguga ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, nakuba ukungcola kuvame ukusheshisa ukuguga futhi kunciphisa ukuphila isikhathi eside. Lokhu kungcola kungase kwenzeke ngaphakathi kwesistimu yokusekela uphawu noma ngaphakathi ngaphakathi kwepompo. Olunye uketshezi lungcono ekugcineni ukungcola okuvela kuphawu lwepompo. Uma singekho esinye isizathu sokugqokwa kwezimpawu, cabanga ukushintsha uketshezi ukuze uthuthukise ubude besikhathi sophawu. Ngokufanayo, ama-bearings ekhwalithi ephezulu mancane amathuba okuthi akhubazeke ngenxa yokucindezela komthwalo, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukwehlisa uhlobo lokuthintana kwe-metalto-metal okungase kubangele ukungcola okungokoqobo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-17-2023