Kunezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene zemishini edinga ukuvala umgodi ojikelezayo odlula endlini engashintshi. Izibonelo ezimbili ezivamile amaphampu nama-mixer (noma ama-agitator). Ngenkathi izinto eziyisisekelo
Izimiso zokuvala imishini ehlukene ziyafana, kunezimo ezihlukile ezidinga izixazululo ezahlukene. Lokhu kungaqondani kuholele ezingxabanweni ezifana nokubiza i-American Petroleum Institute
(API) 682 (izinga lokuvala umshini wokupompa) uma kucaciswa izivalo zabaxubi. Uma kucatshangelwa izivalo zomshini zamaphampu uma kuqhathaniswa nabaxubi, kunomehluko ocacile phakathi kwalezi zigaba ezimbili. Isibonelo, amaphampu alengayo anamabanga amafushane (ngokuvamile alinganiswa ngamasentimitha) ukusuka ku-impeller kuya ku-radial bearing uma kuqhathaniswa nomxube ojwayelekile wokungena phezulu (ngokuvamile olinganiswa ngezinyawo).
Leli banga elide elingasekelwa liphumela epulatifomu engazinzile kakhulu enokugijima okukhulu kwe-radial, ukungahambisani kahle okuqondile kanye nokungajwayelekile kunezimpompi. Ukugijima okwandisiwe kwemishini kudala izinselele zokuklama izivalo zemishini. Kuthiwani uma ukujika kweshaft bekuyi-radial kuphela? Ukuklama isivalo salesi simo kungafezwa kalula ngokwandisa ukuvuleka phakathi kwezingxenye ezijikelezayo nezimile kanye nobubanzi bezindawo zokugijima kobuso be-seal. Njengoba kusolwa, izinkinga azilula kangaka. Ukulayisha ohlangothini kuma-impeller, noma ngabe alele kuphi ku-mixer shaft, kunikeza ukujika okuhumusha yonke indlela phakathi kwesivalo kuye endaweni yokuqala yokusekela ishaft - i-radial bearing yegiya. Ngenxa yokujika kweshaft kanye nokunyakaza kwe-pendulum, ukujika akuwona umsebenzi oqondile.
Lokhu kuzoba nengxenye ye-radial kanye ne-angular edala ukungahambisani okuqondile esivalweni okungabangela izinkinga zesivalo somshini. Ukuphambuka kungabalwa uma izimfanelo ezibalulekile zomthwalo we-shaft kanye nomthwalo we-shaft zaziwa. Isibonelo, i-API 682 ithi ukuphambuka kwe-shaft radial ebusweni besivalo sephampu kufanele kulingane noma kungaphansi kwamasentimitha angu-0.002 ukufundwa okuphelele okubonisiwe (TIR) ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu. Amabanga ajwayelekile ku-mixer yokungena ephezulu aphakathi kwamasentimitha angu-0.03 kuya kwangu-0.150 e-TIR. Izinkinga ngaphakathi kwesivalo somshini ezingase zenzeke ngenxa yokuphambuka kwe-shaft ngokweqile zifaka phakathi ukuguguleka okwandisiwe kwezingxenye zesivalo, izingxenye ezijikelezayo ezithinta izingxenye ezimile ezilimazayo, ukugoqa nokuncisha i-O-ring enamandla (okubangela ukwehluleka kwe-spiral kwe-O-ring noma ubuso obulengayo). Konke lokhu kungaholela ekunciphiseni impilo yesivalo. Ngenxa yokunyakaza ngokweqile okukhona kubaxubi, izivalo zomshini zingabonisa ukuvuza okuningi uma kuqhathaniswa nokufanayo.izimpawu zokupompa, okungaholela ekutheni uphawu ludonswe ngokungadingekile kanye/noma ngisho nokwehluleka kwangaphambi kwesikhathi uma lungaqashelwa ngokucophelela.
Kunezimo lapho kusetshenzwa eduze nabakhiqizi bemishini nokuqonda ukwakheka kwemishini lapho i-rolling element bearing ingafakwa kuma-seal cartridges ukuze kuncishiswe i-angular ebusweni be-seal nokunciphisa lezi zinkinga. Kumelwe kuqashelwe ukusebenzisa uhlobo olufanele lwe-bearing nokuthi imithwalo engaba khona ye-bearing iyaqondakala ngokuphelele noma inkinga ingaba yimbi kakhulu noma idale inkinga entsha, ngokufakwa kwe-bearing. Abathengisi be-seal kufanele basebenzisane eduze ne-OEM kanye nabakhiqizi be-bearing ukuqinisekisa ukwakheka okufanele.
Izicelo zesivalo se-mixer zivame ukuba nesivinini esiphansi (ukujikeleza okungu-5 kuya ku-300 ngomzuzu [rpm]) futhi azikwazi ukusebenzisa ezinye izindlela zendabuko zokugcina uketshezi oluvimbelayo lupholile. Isibonelo, ku-Plan 53A yezivalo ezimbili, ukujikeleza koketshezi oluvimbelayo kunikezwa yisici sokupompa sangaphakathi njengesikulufu sokupompa se-axial. Inselele ukuthi isici sokupompa sincike esivinini semishini ukuze sikhiqize ukugeleza futhi isivinini sokuxuba esijwayelekile asiphezulu ngokwanele ukukhiqiza amazinga okugeleza awusizo. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ukushisa okubangelwa ubuso besivalo akusikho ngokuvamile okubangela ukuthi izinga lokushisa loketshezi oluvimbelayo likhuphuke ku-uphawu lokuxuba. Ukucwiliswa ukushisa okuvela enkambisweni okungabangela amazinga okushisa aphezulu oketshezi oluvimbelayo kanye nokwenza izingxenye eziphansi zophawu, ubuso kanye nama-elastomer, isibonelo, zibe sengozini yokushisa okuphezulu. Izingxenye eziphansi zophawu, njengezinhlangothi zophawu kanye nama-O-rings, zisengozini enkulu ngenxa yokusondela enkambisweni. Akusikho ukushisa okulimaza ngqo ubuso bophawu kodwa kunalokho ukuthamba okuncishisiwe, ngakho-ke, ukuthamba koketshezi oluvimbelayo ebusweni obuphansi bophawu. Ukuthamba okungekuhle kubangela ukulimala kobuso ngenxa yokuthintana. Ezinye izici zokuklama zingafakwa ku-cartridge yophawu ukuze kugcinwe amazinga okushisa okuvimbelayo ephansi futhi kuvikelwe izingxenye zophawu.
Izivalo zemishini zama-mixer zingaklanywa ngama-coil okupholisa angaphakathi noma amajakethi athintana ngqo noketshezi oluvimbelayo. Lezi zici ziyi-loop evaliwe, uhlelo olunomfutho ophansi, olugeleza kancane olunamanzi okupholisa ajikeleza kuwo asebenza njengesishintshi sokushisa esihlanganisiwe. Enye indlela ukusebenzisa i-cooling spool ku-cartridge yesivalo phakathi kwezingxenye zesivalo esingezansi kanye nendawo yokufaka imishini. I-cooling spool yindawo lapho amanzi okupholisa anomfutho ophansi angageleza khona ukuze adale isithiyo sokuvikela phakathi kwesivalo nesitsha ukuze kuncishiswe ukucwila kokushisa. I-cooling spool eklanywe kahle ingavimbela amazinga okushisa aphezulu angabangela umonakaloubuso besivalokanye nama-elastomer. Ukucwiliswa kokushisa okuvela enkambisweni kubangela ukuthi izinga lokushisa loketshezi oluvimbelayo likhuphuke esikhundleni salokho.
Lezi zici ezimbili zokuklama zingasetshenziswa ndawonye noma ngazinye ukusiza ukulawula amazinga okushisa esivalweni somshini. Ngokuvamile, izivalo zomshini zabaxubi zichazwe ukuthi zihambisane ne-API 682, Uhlobo lwesi-4 Isigaba 1, noma ngabe le mishini ayihambisani nezidingo zomklamo ku-API 610/682 ngokusebenza, ngobukhulu kanye/noma ngomshini. Lokhu kungenzeka ngoba abasebenzisi bokugcina bajwayelene futhi bakhululekile nge-API 682 njengencazelo yesivalo futhi abazi ezinye zezincazelo zemboni ezisebenza kakhulu kule mishini/izivalo. Imikhuba Yezimboni Zenqubo (PIP) kanye ne-Deutsches Institut fur Normung (DIN) yizindinganiso ezimbili zemboni ezifanele kakhulu kulezi zinhlobo zezivalo—izindinganiso ze-DIN 28138/28154 sezichazwe isikhathi eside kuma-OEM okuxuba eYurophu, kanti i-PIP RESM003 isisetshenziswa njengemfuneko yezincazelo zezivalo zomshini emishinini yokuxuba. Ngaphandle kwalezi zincazelo, azikho izindinganiso ezivame ukusetshenziswa embonini, okuholela ezinhlobonhlobo zobukhulu begumbi lokuvala, ukubekezelelana komshini, ukuphambuka komgodi, imiklamo yegiya, amalungiselelo okubeka amabhere, njll., okuhlukahluka kusuka ku-OEM kuya ku-OEM.
Indawo yomsebenzisi kanye nemboni kuzonquma kakhulu ukuthi iyiphi yalezi zincazelo ezoba efaneleka kakhulu kusayithi lakhe.izivalo zemishini zokuxubaUkucacisa i-API 682 yesivalo sokuxuba kungaba yindleko eyengeziwe engadingekile kanye nenkinga. Nakuba kungenzeka ukufaka isivalo esiyisisekelo esifanelekile se-API 682 ekucushweni kwesivalo sokuxuba, le ndlela ivame ukuphumela ekwehleni kokubili ngokuya ngokuhambisana ne-API 682 kanye nokufaneleka komklamo wezinhlelo zokusebenza zesivalo. Isithombe 3 sibonisa uhlu lomehluko phakathi kwesivalo se-API 682 Sesigaba 1 ngokumelene nesivalo esijwayelekile semishini yesivalo sokuxuba.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Okthoba-26-2023