Emkhakheni oguqukayo wezobuchwepheshe bezimboni, indimaizimpawu zomshinikuvelele, okuqinisekisa ithonya elibalulekile ekusebenzeni kahle kwemishini. Okubalulekile kulezi zingxenye ezibalulekile yizindandatho zokubopha, indawo ethakazelisayo lapho ukunemba kobunjiniyela kuhlangana khona nesu lokuklama elingenaphutha. Lesi sihloko sigxila ezintweni eziningi ezicatshangelwayo zokuklama ezihilelekile ekucabangeni nasekukhiqizeni izindandatho zokubopha ezisebenza kahle. Hlola ukuthi izinto ezibalulekile ezifana nokukhethwa kwezinto, izimo zokusebenza, amapharamitha wejometri, phakathi kokunye, zihlangana kanjani kule ngxoxo ephelele ukuze kufakwe isandla ekwakhiweni kwendandatho yokubopha efanele echaza kabusha ukuthembeka kokusebenza.
Izinto ezikhethiwe zendandatho yakho yokuvala zingathinta kakhulu ukusebenza kanye nesikhathi sokuphila kwesistimu yonke yemishini. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukulinganisela ngokucophelela ukusebenza kanye nokuqina lapho wenza lesi sinqumo esiyisisekelo.
Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukubheka ngale kobulukhuni namandla enkambisweni yokukhetha izinto. Isibonelo, yize izinto zobumba zivame ukuphawulwa ngamazinga azo obulukhuni ahlaba umxhwele, zingase zibe buthakathaka ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile. Ngokuphambene nalokho, izinketho ezithambile njenge-elastomers zinikeza ukuguquguquka nokumelana nokuguguleka okunamandla kodwa zingase zingabi namandla ngaphansi kwezimo zokushisa okuphezulu.
Ukuhambisana kwezinto noketshezi olusebenzayo kungenye into ebalulekile ekukhetheni izinto zokuvala indandatho. Ezinye izinto zingabangela ukuthi izinto ezithile zivuvuke noma zonakale ngokuhamba kwesikhathi; ngaleyo ndlela zithinte kabi ubuqotho besistimu yakho yokuvala. Kubalulekile ukuthi izinto ezikhethiwe zimelane nokuguguleka noma ukuwohloka kwanoma yimaphi amakhemikhali noma uketshezi oluhilelekile enqubweni yesistimu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusebenza kahle kwezindleko kufanele kucatshangelwe ngaso sonke isikhathi. Nakuba ezinye izinto zingase zibe nezici zokusebenza ezisezingeni eliphezulu, izindleko zazo eziphakeme zingase zinciphise ukusebenza kwazo ngaphakathi kwemingcele yesabelomali. Ukulinganisela ikhwalithi kanye nokungabizi njalo kuqinisekisa umklamo ophumelelayo ngaphandle kokubeka engcupheni ukusebenza.
Ukushisa nakho kudlala indima ebalulekile ekukhetheni izinto. Kuye ngokushisa okusebenzayo kohlelo, kungaba yinto ebalulekile ukukhetha izinto ezishisa kakhulu ezingasusa ukushisa ngempumelelo - ngaleyo ndlela kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kahle kwesivalo sakho somshini.
Okokugcina, ukunamathela ezindinganisweni nemithethonqubo efanele akukwazi ukushiywa indiva – izitifiketi zezinto ezibonakalayo njengokuhambisana ne-FDA (uma kusebenza) kumele zifake phakathi isinqumo sakho sokugcina sokukhetha ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha komsebenzisi kanye nokuhambisana kwemithetho.
Izinto Ezicatshangelwayo Ngokwejiyometri
Izici eziyisisekelo zejiyometri zifaka phakathi ububanzi, ububanzi bobuso, ukujula komsele kanye nobubanzi, kanye nanoma yiziphi ezinye izincazelo zomklamo ezenzelwe ukuhambisana nezidingo zemishini.
Ububanzi bendandatho yokuvala buhlobene ngqo namakhono ayo okusebenza. Ilawula inani lamandla asetshenziswa ebusweni bokuvala futhi ithinta izici ezifana nokugcinwa kanye nesivinini. Ngakho-ke, kufanele kube nokuhlaziywa okuphelele kobukhulu behadiwe ngaphambi kokufika kusayizi ofanele wendandatho yakho.
Ububanzi bobuso, enye ipharamitha ebalulekile yejiyometri, incike kakhulu ezimweni zokusebenza kwengcindezi kanye nokushisa. Ububanzi bobuso obubanzi buvame ukusetshenziswa kwizicelo zesivinini esikhulu ukuphatha ukushabalaliswa kokushisa ngempumelelo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ububanzi bobuso obuncane bungafaneleka kakhulu ekusebenzeni lapho ukulinganiselwa kwesikhala kuyinkinga.
Okulandelayo kuza ukujula nobubanzi bomsele obaluleke kakhulu ngenxa yethonya lawo ekuguqukeni kwe-elastomer ngaphansi kwezimo zomthwalo kanye nangesikhathi sokufakwa. Umsele ongajulile ngokwanele ungaholela ekulimaleni kokukhipha noma ukwehluleka kokuvala kusenesikhathi; kuyilapho imisele ejulile ngokweqile ingase ithinte kabi ukuqina kokuvala futhi inciphise ikhono le-gland lokumelana nokuphambuka komgodi.
Okokugcina, imiklamo ekhethekile ingafakwa ngokuya ngezidingo ezithile ezifana namadivayisi alwa nokujikeleza noma izici zokuvumelanisa ukuze kubekwe kahle kwihadiwe—lezi zinguquko zomuntu ngamunye ziqinisekisa ukusebenza okungenamthungo okuhambisana nezinzuzo zesikhathi eside sokuphila.
Kubalulekile ukwenza ukuphindaphinda okuqinile ngesikhathi sesigaba sakho sokuklama ngokusebenzisa isofthiwe yokumodela ye-3D ethuthukisiwe noma imishini yokuhlola i-prototype. Lo mkhuba usiza ekuboneni izinselele ezingaba khona ezihlobene nezici zejometri kusengaphambili ngenkathi kuthuthukiswa ukuthembeka kokusebenza komkhiqizo wakho kanye nokusebenza kahle kwezindleko ngasikhathi sinye.
Izinto Okufanele Uzicabangele Zokulinganisela
Ukulinganisela izinto ezibalulekile kudlala indima ebalulekile ku-indandatho yophawu yomshiniumklamo. Ngokukhethekile, amasongo okuvala alinganisiwe asabalalisa ingcindezi ngokulinganayo nxazonkeubuso bokuvala, ithuthukisa ukusebenza kwayo kanye nokuphila kwayo isikhathi eside.
Isihluthulelo sendandatho yokuvala elinganiswe kahle sisekulawuleni umehluko wokucindezela kuyo yonke indawo yokufaka uphawu. Umklamo olinganiswe kahle ugcina ukucindezeleka kobuso okuphansi futhi unciphisa ukukhiqizwa kokushisa ngenkathi usebenza ngesivinini esiphezulu noma ngaphansi kwezimo zokucindezela okuphezulu. Lokhu kunciphisa izinga lokuguguleka kahle futhi kuphakamisa ukusebenza kahle, okuqinisekisa ukuthi izimbozo zakho zigcina ukusebenza kwazo isikhathi eside.
Isilinganiso esiphakathi kwendawo evezwe ekucindezelweni kwesistimu kanye nendawo iyonke ethinta indandatho yokuhlangana isetshenziswa ukuchaza "ibhalansi" ngamagama obuchwepheshe. Empeleni, isilinganiso sebhalansi esincishisiwe sihambisana namandla okuvala aphansi ebusweni besivalo. Ngakho-ke, ukuklama izilinganiso ezahlukene zebhalansi kungasiza ekulawuleni la mandla.
Ukuze ufinyelele ibhalansi ephumelelayo ekwakhiweni kwe-mechanical seal yakho, kubalulekile ukucabangela izici ezifana nezidingo zohlelo lokusebenza, imininingwane yedivayisi, izici zoketshezi (njengokuthamba), kanye nezimo zemvelo (njengokushisa nokucindezela). Ukucabangela lezi zici kuvumela onjiniyela ukuthi banqume ukuthi i-mechanical seal engalingani noma elinganisiwe ifaneleka kangcono kuhlelo lokusebenza oluthile.
Izimo Zokusebenza
Izinga lokushisa lendawo lapho indandatho yokuvala izovezwa khona liyipharamitha ebalulekile. Ezimweni zokushisa okuphezulu, izinto ezithile zingase zilahlekelwe amandla azo noma ziguge, okunciphisa amandla azo okuvala. Ngokufanayo, amazinga okushisa aphansi kakhulu angabangela ukuthi izinto zibe buthaka futhi ziqhekeke.
Ingcindezi nayo iyisici esibalulekile. Izindawo ezinomfutho ophezulu zidinga ukwakheka kwezisimbiso ezingamelana nokuguquguquka ngaphansi kwemithwalo enzima. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela lapha ukuthi ingcindezi ingahluka kakhulu ngesikhathi sokusebenza - ngakho-ke, ezimweni ezinjalo, abaklami kufanele bahlose izisimbiso ezingamelana nemithwalo yokucindezela eguquguqukayo ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukusebenza.
Ukuhambisana kwamakhemikhali akumelwe kunganakwa; ukucabangela ukuthi izinto zokuvala zingamelana nokugqwala kunoma yiluphi uketshezi noma amagesi akhona endaweni yokusebenza kubalulekile ngoba izinto ezibhubhisayo zingaguga noma zonakalise izingxenye ezibucayi zesistimu yokuvala.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukucabangela isivinini sokusebenza kubaluleke ngokulinganayo ekwakhiweni kwendandatho yesivalo njengoba lokhu kungaletha imithwalo enamandla ebangela ukucindezeleka okungalindelekile ezivaloni futhi kuholele ekugugeni nasekudabukeni okusheshayo noma ngisho nasekuhlulekeni kohlelo okubi kakhulu. Futhi, ukukhetha imiklamo efanele ekwazi ukubhekana nokuguguleka okubangelwa ukusebenza kwesivinini esikhulu kuba yinto ebalulekile ngaleyo ndlela.
Ekuphetheni
Ekuphetheni, ukwakheka kwendandatho yokuvala yemishini kuncike kakhulu ezintweni ezahlukahlukene ezifaka phakathi ukusetshenziswa kwayo, ukuhambisana kwezinto, ukucindezela kanye nobubanzi bokushisa phakathi kwezinye izici. Ukucabanga ngokucophelela ngalezi zinto kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza kahle, isikhathi eside kanye nokuqina kwale ngxenye ebalulekile.
Ukwehlukahluka kwezidingo ezivezwa yizimboni ezahlukene zezixazululo zokuvala ngomshini kugcizelela isidingo seseluleko sochwepheshe kanye nokwenza ngokwezifiso isimo ngasinye esiyingqayizivele. Ukuhlonza izinto ezifanele kanye nokucushwa kwesivalo ukuze kunqotshwe ngisho nezimo zokusebenza ezidingayo akubandakanyi nje ubuchwepheshe bobuchwepheshe kodwa futhi nesipiliyoni esithile embonini kanye nokuzibophezela okuphelele kwikhwalithi.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Disemba 13-2023