Ukuze uqonde ukuvuza kwephampu ye-centrifugal, kubalulekile ukuqonda kuqala ukusebenza okuyisisekelo kwephampu ye-centrifugal. Njengoba ukugeleza kungena ngeso le-impeller lephampu futhi kunyuka ama-ines e-impeller, uketshezi luba sengcindezini ephansi kanye nesivinini esiphansi. Lapho ukugeleza kudlula ku-volute, ingcindezi iyakhula futhi ijubane liyakhula. Ukugeleza bese kuphuma ngokukhipha, lapho ingcindezi iphezulu kodwa ijubane liyehla. Ukugeleza okungena ephampuni kufanele kuphume ephampuni. Iphampu inikeza ikhanda (noma ingcindezi), okusho ukuthi kwandisa amandla oketshezi lwephampu.
Ukwehluleka kwezingxenye ezithile zephampu ye-centrifugal, njengokuxhuma, i-hydraulic, ama-static joints, kanye nama-bearings, kuzokwenza ukuthi lonke uhlelo luhluleke, kodwa cishe amaphesenti angamashumi ayisithupha nesishiyagalolunye azo zonke izinkinga zephampu zivela ekungasebenzi kahle kwedivayisi yokuvala.
ISIDINGO SEZIMPAWU ZOKWENZA
Uphawu lomshiniiyithuluzi elisetshenziswa ukulawula ukuvuza phakathi komgodi ojikelezayo kanye nesitsha esigcwele uketshezi noma igesi. Umsebenzi walo oyinhloko ukulawula ukuvuza. Zonke izivalo ziyavuza—kufanele zikwenze ukuze kugcinwe ifilimu yoketshezi phezu kobuso bonke besivalo somshini. Ukuvuza okuphuma ohlangothini lomoya kuphansi impela; ukuvuza ku-Hydrocarbon, isibonelo, kulinganiswa ngemitha ye-VOC ngezingxenye/isigidi.
Ngaphambi kokuba kuthuthukiswe izivalo zemishini, onjiniyela babevame ukuvala iphampu ngokupakisha okwenziwa ngomshini. Ukupakisha okwenziwa ngomshini, into enemicu evame ukufuthwa ngokugcoba njenge-graphite, yayinqunywa ibe yizingxenye bese ifakwa kulokho okwakubizwa ngokuthi “ibhokisi lokugcwalisa.” I-gland yokupakisha yabe isingezwa ngemuva ukuze ipakishe yonke into phansi. Njengoba ukupakisha kuxhumana ngqo nomgodi, kudinga ukugcotshwa, kodwa kusazophuca amandla ehhashi.
Ngokuvamile “indandatho yesibani” ivumela amanzi agelezayo ukuthi afakwe epaketheni. Lawo manzi, adingekayo ukuze kugcotshwe futhi kupholiswe umgodi, azovuza enkambisweni noma emoyeni. Kuye ngokuthi ufaka kanjani, kungadingeka ukuthi:
- qondisa amanzi ahlanzwayo kude nenqubo ukuze ugweme ukungcola.
- vimbela amanzi agelezayo ukuthi angaqongelelani phansi (overspray), okuyindaba ye-OSHA kanye nokukhathazeka ngokunakekelwa kwendlu.
- vikela ibhokisi lokuthwala emanzini agelezayo, okungangcolisa uwoyela futhi ekugcineni kuholele ekuhlulekeni kokuthwala.
Njengakuyo yonke ipompo, kuzodingeka uhlole ipompo yakho ukuze uthole izindleko zonyaka ezidingekayo ukuze isebenze. Ipompo yokupakisha ingase ithengeke ukuyifaka nokuyinakekela, kodwa uma ubala ukuthi idla amagaloni amangaki amanzi ngomzuzu noma ngonyaka, ungase umangale ngezindleko. Ipompo yokuvala yomshini ingase ikusindise izindleko eziningi zonyaka.
Njengoba kunikezwe i-geometry ejwayelekile yesivalo somshini, noma kuphi lapho kukhona khona i-gasket noma i-o-ring, kuvela iphuzu lokuvuza okungenzeka:
- I-o-ring enamandla (noma i-gasket) egugile, egugile, noma ephukile njengoba uphawu lomshini luhamba.
- Ukungcola noma ukungcola phakathi kwezivalo zemishini.
- Umsebenzi ongaklanywanga ngaphakathi kwezivalo zemishini.
IZINHLOBO EZINHLANU ZOKUPHUTHA KWEDIVAYISI YOKUVALA
Uma iphampu ye-centrifugal iveza ukuvuza okungalawuleki, kufanele uhlole ngokucophelela zonke izimbangela ezingaba khona ukuze unqume ukuthi udinga ukulungiswa noma ukufakwa okusha.
1. Ukwehluleka Kokusebenza
Ukunganaki Indawo Esebenza Kahle Kakhulu: Ingabe usebenzisa iphampu ku-Best Efficiency Point (BEP) ku-performance curve? Iphampu ngayinye yaklanywa nge-Efficiency Point ethile. Uma usebenzisa iphampu ngaphandle kwaleso sifunda, udala izinkinga ngokugeleza okubangela ukuthi uhlelo luhluleke.
Ikhanda Lokudonsa Eline-Net Positive (NPSH) Elanele: Uma ungenalo ikhanda lokudonsa elanele empompini yakho, i-assembling ejikelezayo ingaba engazinzile, ibangele ukugoba, futhi iholele ekuhlulekeni kwesivalo.
Ukusebenza Ungenakhanda:Uma ubeka ivalvu yokulawula phansi kakhulu ukuze ikwazi ukugoba ipompo, ungavimba ukugeleza. Ukugeleza okuminyanisiwe kubangela ukujikeleza kwegazi ngaphakathi kwepompo, okudala ukushisa futhi kukhuthaze ukwehluleka kokuvala.
Ukusebenza Komile Nokungenisa Umoya Okungafanele Kwesivalo: Iphampu eqondile iyona esengozini kakhulu njengoba isivalo somshini sibekwe phezulu. Uma unesikhala somoya esingafanele, umoya ungabanjwa eduze kwesivalo futhi ngeke ukwazi ukukhipha ibhokisi lokugcwala. Isivalo somshini sizophela maduze uma iphampu iqhubeka nokusebenza kulesi simo.
Umkhawulo Ophansi Womusi:Lezi ziwuketshezi olukhanyayo; ama-hydrocarbon ashisayo azokhanya uma evezwe ezimweni zomkhathi. Njengoba ifilimu yoketshezi idlula phezu kwe-seal yomshini, ingakhanya ohlangothini lomoya futhi ibangele ukwehluleka. Lokhu kwehluleka kuvame ukwenzeka ngezinhlelo zokuphakelwa kwamabhoyila—amanzi ashisayo ku-250-280ºF flash kanye nokwehla kwengcindezi ebusweni be-seal.
2. Ukwehluleka Kwemishini
Ukungalungi kahle kweshafti, ukungalingani kokuxhumanisa, kanye nokungalingani kwe-impeller konke kungabangela ukwehluleka kokuvala okwenziwa ngomshini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngemva kokufakwa kwephampu, uma unamapayipi afakwe amabholidi kuyo, uzofaka umthwalo omkhulu ephampuni. Udinga futhi ukugwema isisekelo esibi: Ingabe isisekelo sivikelekile? Ingabe sihlanganiswe kahle? Ingabe unonyawo oluthambile? Ingabe siboshwe kahle? Futhi okokugcina, hlola amabholidi. Uma ukubekezelelana kwamabholidi kuncipha, imiphini izohamba futhi ibangele ukudlidliza ephampuni.
3. Ukwehluleka Kwezingxenye Zokuvala
Ingabe une-tribological pair enhle (isifundo sokungqubuzana)? Ingabe ukhethe inhlanganisela efanele yobuso? Kuthiwani ngekhwalithi yezinto zobuso besivalo? Ingabe izinto zakho zifanelekile ekusetshenzisweni kwakho okukhethekile? Ingabe ukhethe izivalo zesibili ezifanele, njenge-gaskets nama-o-rings, ezilungiselelwe ukuhlaselwa ngamakhemikhali nokushisa? Iziphethu zakho akufanele zivaleke noma izinsimbi zakho zigqwale. Okokugcina, qaphela ukuphambuka kobuso ngenxa yokucindezela noma ukushisa, njengoba isivalo somshini ngaphansi kokucindezela okukhulu sizogoba ngempela, futhi iphrofayili egobile ingabangela ukuvuza.
4. Ukwehluleka Kokuklama Uhlelo
Udinga ilungiselelo elifanele lokufaka uphawu, kanye nokupholisa okwanele. Izinhlelo ezimbili zinoketshezi oluvimbelayo; imbiza yokuvala eyisizayo idinga ukuba sendaweni efanele, kanye nezinsimbi ezifanele kanye namapayipi. Udinga ukucabangela Ubude Bepayipi Eliqondile Ekufakeni - ezinye izinhlelo zephampu ezindala ezazivame ukuza njenge-skid ehlanganisiwe zifaka indololwane engu-90º ekufakeni ngaphambi nje kokuba ukugeleza kungene esweni le-impeller. Indololwane ibangela ukugeleza okuguquguqukayo okudala ukungasebenzi kahle ekuhlanganisweni okujikelezayo. Zonke ipayipi lokudonsa/lokukhipha kanye nelokudlula kudingeka futhi liklanywe ngendlela efanele, ikakhulukazi uma amanye amapayipi elungisiwe esikhathini esithile eminyakeni edlule.
5. Konke Okunye
Ezinye izici ezixubile zibangela cishe amaphesenti angu-8 kuphela azo zonke izinkinga. Isibonelo, izinhlelo ezisizayo ngezinye izikhathi ziyadingeka ukuze kuhlinzekwe indawo yokusebenza eyamukelekayo yesivalo semishini. Uma ubhekisela ezinhlelweni ezimbili, udinga uketshezi olusizayo ukuze lusebenze njengesithiyo esivimbela ukungcola noma ukucubungula uketshezi ukuthi lungachitheki emvelweni. Kodwa-ke, kubasebenzisi abaningi, ukubhekana nesinye sezigaba ezine zokuqala kuzoba nesixazululo abasidingayo.
ISIPHETHO
Izivalo zemishini ziyisici esibalulekile ekuthembekeni kwemishini ejikelezayo. Zibangela ukuvuza nokwehluleka kwesistimu, kodwa futhi zikhombisa izinkinga ezizogcina zibangele umonakalo omkhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ukuthembeka kwezivalo kuthinteka kakhulu ukwakheka kwezivalo kanye nendawo yokusebenza.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Juni-26-2023