I-Mechanical Seal Izohlala Isikhathi Engakanani?

Izigxivizo zemishini zisebenza njengephini elibalulekile ekusebenzeni nasekuphileni isikhathi eside kwamaphampu ezinhlobonhlobo zezimboni, izixube, nezinye izinto zokusebenza lapho ukuvala kungangeni moya kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukuqonda ubude besikhathi sokuphila kwalezi zingxenye ezibalulekile akuwona nje kuphela umbuzo wokunakekela kodwa futhi omunye wempumelelo yezomnotho kanye nokwethembeka ekusebenzeni. Kulesi sihloko, sizocubungula izici ezithonya ukuqina kwezimpawu zemishini futhi sihlole ukuthi ukwakheka kwazo, indawo ezungezile, nezimo zesevisi kuhlangana kanjani ukuze sinqume ubude bazo besikhathi eside. Ngokukhipha lezi zici, abafundi bazothola imininingwane yokukhulisa isikhathi sokuphila sezimpawu ezisetshenziswayo kanye nokuqinisekisa ukuthi imisebenzi yabo isebenza kahle futhi ngaphandle kokwehluleka okuphazamisayo.

Isilinganiso Sesikhathi Sokuphila Sezimpawu Zomshini
1.Okuvamile okulindelwe isikhathi sokuphila
Izigxivizo zemishini ziyingxenye ebalulekile ezinhlotsheni ezihlukahlukene zemishini, ezidlala indima ebalulekile ekugcineni ubuqotho nokusebenza kahle kohlelo. Ngakho-ke, ukuqonda isilinganiso sokuphila kwalezi zimpawu kubalulekile ekuhleleni amashejuli okulungisa nokunciphisa isikhathi sokuphumula. Imvamisa, izigxivizo zemishini zingahlala noma kuphi kusukela ezinyangeni eziyi-18 kuye eminyakeni emithathu ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile zokusebenza.

Lokhu okulindelekile okujwayelekile, nokho, kumane kuyisiqalo. Kunezici eziningi ezisebenzayo uma kunqunywa ubude besikhathi obunembile besikhathi se-mechanical seal, okuhlanganisa ukwakheka kwayo, ukwakheka kwezinto ezibonakalayo, kanye nohlelo oluthile olusetshenziswayo. Ezinye izimpawu zingase zeqe isiphetho esiphezulu salobu bubanzi ezimweni ezivumayo, kanti ezinye zingase zehluleke ngaphambi kwesikhathi uma zingaphansi kwezindawo eziqinile noma izimfuno ezinzima kakhulu.

Ukulindela ukuphila kwe-seal nakho kuncike ohlotsheni nobukhulu bophawu kanye nomkhiqizi walo. Ngokwesibonelo,ama-single spring mechanical sealsingase inikeze impilo ende ehlukile uma iqhathaniswa ne-cartridge noma uhlobo lwe-bellows seal ngenxa yomehluko wendalo yawo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukubekezelelana kokukhiqiza nokulawulwa kwekhwalithi kungaba nomthelela omkhulu empilweni ye-seal - ngezinto zebanga eliphakeme kanye nobunjiniyela obunembayo ngokuvamile obuhumusheka ekuqineni okukhulu.

Izindinganiso zemboni ngokuvamile zinikeza amabhentshimakhi wempilo yesevisi kodwa ekugcineni ziyizinkombandlela ezijwayelekile kunezikhathi eziqinisekisiwe. Empeleni, o-opharetha nonjiniyela akufanele bathembele kuphela kulawa ma-avareji kodwa kufanele futhi bacabangele idatha yokusebenza yomlando evela ezinhlelweni zokusebenza ezifanayo.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ubude bempilo obungaphezu kwalaba bubanzi bungenzeka ngokunakekelwa okukhethekile noma ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanele; ngokulinganayo, izinkinga zokusebenza ezingalindelekile zingaholela ekushintsheni kusenesikhathi ngaphambi kokufinyelela kulawa mazinga.

2.Ukuhlukahluka Okusekelwe Ezinhlotsheni Zophawu Nezicelo
Ukuqina nempilo yokusebenza kwezinsimbi zomshini zingashintshashintsha kakhulu kuye ngohlobo lwazo kanye nohlelo olukhethekile eziqashwe ngalo. Ukucushwa kwezimpawu eziningi kuklanyelwe ukubhekelela izidingo zemishini ehlukahlukene, kusukela kumaphampu nezixube kuya kuma-compressor nama-agitator. Isibonelo, ama-cartridge seal ngokuvamile anikeza impilo yesevisi ende ngenxa yemvelo yawo ehlanganiswe ngaphambili, efakeka kalula eyehlisa amaphutha okufaka.

Nakhu ukubuka konke okugqamisa izinhlobo ezijwayelekile zophawu lokusebenza eduze kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezijwayelekile, okunikeza ukuqonda ngokuhlukahluka kobude bempilo okulindelekile:

Uhlobo ngalunye lomshini wophawu lwenzelwe ukusebenza kahle ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile, okuthonya nakanjani ukuphila kwalo isikhathi eside. Izigxivizo ezilinganisiwe, ngokwesibonelo, zinekhono lokusingatha izingcindezi eziphakeme ngaphandle komthelela obalulekile esikhathini sazo sokuphila—zifinyelela lokhu ngokusatshalaliswa okulinganayo kwamandla asebenza ngogesi kuyo yonke indawo yokuvala isixhumi esibonakalayo. Ngokuphambene, izigxivizo ezingalinganiseli zingabiza kakhulu kodwa zingahlupheka ngenxa yokuphila okuncishisiwe ezimweni ezinzima ezifana nezimo ezinomfutho omkhulu lapho ukusatshalaliswa kwamandla angalingani kuholela ekugugeni nasekudabukeni okusheshayo.

Izigxivizo zensimbi zensimbi zibonisa ukukhuthazela okumangalisayo lapho zibhekene nokusebenza okunezinga lokushisa eliphezulu—okucatshangelwa kakhulu ekucutshungulweni kwamakhemikhali noma ezindaweni zokuhluza uwoyela lapho ukwanda okubangelwa izinga lokushisa kungaphazamisa ubuqotho bophawu.

Izigxivizo zemixer zibhekana nesethi ehlukene yezinselele: izinhlayiya ezilumayo namandla okugunda okuguquguqukayo akhona ezinqubweni zokuxuba adinga imiklamo ekhethekile. Ubude besikhathi sokuphila lapha buqondene nomuntu ngamunye kakhulu, bushintsha ngezinga lokuqina lohlelo ngalunye kanye nokulunywa kwezinto ezihilelekile.

Lokhu kwehluka kugcizelela isidingo sokukhetha ngokucophelela okusekelwe hhayi nje ekusebenzisaneni ngokushesha kodwa futhi nasekulindelweni kokusebenza kwesikhathi esizayo okusekelwe ezimfuneko eziqondene nohlelo lokusebenza. Ukuqonda lo mehluko kusiza abathengi ekukhetheni izigxivizo zemishini ezithuthukisa kokubili ukusebenza nokuhlala isikhathi eside ngaphakathi komongo wabo wokusebenza ohlukile.

Izinto Ezithinta Isikhathi Sokuphila Sezimpawu Zemishini
1.Ikhwalithi Yezinto Ezibalulekile: Ukuchaza Ukuthi Izinto Zithinta Kanjani Ukuphila Isikhathi Eside
Ukuqina nokusebenza kwezigxivizo zemishini kuthonywa kakhulu izinga lezinto ezisetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni kwazo. Izinto zezingxenye zomshini zokuvala uphawu zikhethwa ngokusekelwe ekhonweni lazo lokumelana nezimo ezihlukahlukene zokusebenza, okuhlanganisa ukuthintana noketshezi olunamandla, ukweqisa kwezinga lokushisa, nokuhluka kwengcindezi.

Impahla yekhwalithi ephezulu izoqinisekisa ukuthi ubuso bophawu, okuyizinto ezibalulekile ekugcineni umgoqo oqinile ngokumelene nokuvuza koketshezi, zihlala ziqinile futhi zingagugi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ukukhetha phakathi kwezinto ezinjengama-ceramics, i-silicon carbide, i-tungsten carbide, insimbi engagqwali, nama-elastomer ahlukahlukene kwenziwa ngokucubungula ngokucophelela okucacisiwe kwendawo yazo yokuthunyelwa.

Ukukhombisa ukuthi ikhwalithi yezinto ezibonakalayo ikuthinta kanjani ukuphila isikhathi eside, cabangela ama-ceramic seal anikeza ukumelana nokugqwala okuhle kakhulu kodwa angase athambekele ekuqhekekeni ngaphansi kokushaqeka okushisayo noma amandla amakhulu. I-Silicon carbide ihlinzeka ngobulukhuni obuphakeme kanye ne-thermal conductivity eyenza ifanelekele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezinesivinini esikhulu ezikhiqiza ukushisa okukhulu.

Izinketho zezinto ezibonakalayo ziphinde zidlulele ezingxenyeni zophawu lwesibili ezifana nama-O-rings noma ama-gaskets lapho ama-elastomer afana ne-Viton™ noma i-EPDM ingaphansi kokuhlolwa ukuhambisana kwawo namakhemikhali kanye nokuzinza kwe-thermal. Ukukhetha okuhle kakhulu kusiza ekuvimbeleni ukucekelwa phansi okungaholela ekwehlulekeni ngaphambi kwesikhathi ezindaweni ezinolaka.

Ngokuqondakalayo, lezi zinto zokwakha ziza ngezindleko ezihlukene ezibonisa ukukhethekile kwazo ekusetshenzisweni; ngakho-ke, ukutshala imali ezintweni ezifanele zekhwalithi ephezulu akusizi nje kuphela isikhathi eside sokuphila kwesevisi kodwa futhi nokuphepha okuthuthukisiwe nokuthembeka kwezinhlelo zemishini ezisebenzayo. Ngezansi kunethebula elimelela izinhlobo zezinto ezihlukile ezivame ukusetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kwezinsimbi kanye nezinye izici zazo ezibalulekile:

Inketho ngayinye iletha amandla anikela kubude besikhathi eside uma ifaniswe ngokufanelekile nezimfuneko zekesi elisetshenziswayo—umsebenzi osemahlombe abaklami nonjiniyela abahlose ukuzuza impilo ende yesistimu ngokukhetha izinto ezibonakalayo ngokucophelela.

2.Izimo Zokusebenza: Umthelela Wezinga Lokushisa, Ingcindezi, Nezindawo Ezonakalisayo
Izimo zokusebenza zithonya kakhulu isikhathi sokuphila sezimpawu zemishini. Lezi zimo zihlanganisa ukuhlukahluka kwezinga lokushisa, ingcindezi, kanye nokuchayeka entweni ebolayo, konke okungadala amazinga ahlukene okuguga. Amazinga okushisa aphezulu, ngokwesibonelo, angaholela ekwandeni okushisayo kwezingxenye zophawu kanye nokuwohloka kwama-elastomer. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amazinga okushisa aphansi angabangela izinto ezithile zokuvala uphawu zibe brittle futhi ziqhekeke.

Ingcindezi nayo idlala indima ebalulekile; ukucindezela okukhulu kungakhubaza izindawo zokuvala noma kuphazamise ibhalansi phakathi kobuso be-seal, okuholela ekuhlulekeni ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Ngokuphambene, ukucindezela okuphansi kakhulu kungase kuvimbele ukwakheka okufanele kwefilimu yokugcoba okubalulekile ekusebenzeni kophawu.

Mayelana nezindawo ezonakalisayo, ukuhlasela kwamakhemikhali kungehlisa isithunzi izinto zokuvala okuholela ekulahlekelweni kwempahla futhi ekugcineni kwehluleke ngenxa yokuvuza noma ukuphuka. Izinto zokuvala uphawu kufanele zihambisane noketshezi lwenqubo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhambisana nokumelana nobudlova obunjalo bemvelo.

Ukukhombisa le mithelela ngokucace kakhudlwana, ngezansi isifinyezo esifakwe kuthebula esibonisa ukuthi izimo zokusebenza zithinta kanjani ukuphila okude kwemishini:

Ukuqonda nokulawula le mingcele kubaluleke kakhulu ekwandiseni isikhathi sokusebenza kwezigxivizo zemishini. Kuphela ngokucutshungulwa ngokucophelela kwendawo yokusebenza lapho umuntu engakwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izigxivizo zemishini zisebenza kahle kuyo yonke impilo yazo yesevisi.

3.Ukufaka kanye Nokunakekela: Iqhaza Lokufaka Okufanelekile Nokunakekela Okuvamile
Ukuphila isikhathi eside nokusebenza kahle kwezigxivizo zemishini kuthonywa kakhulu ukunemba kokufakwa kwazo kanye nokuqina kokugcinwa kwazo. Izigxivizo zemishini ezifakwe ngendlela engafanele zingaholela ekuphileni okuncishisiwe kwezimpawu ngenxa yokungahambi kahle, okubangela ukugqoka ngokweqile noma ukwehluleka ngokushesha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukunakekelwa okujwayelekile kuwumkhuba obalulekile oqinisekisa impilo eqhubekayo yalezi zingxenye.

Izisebenzi zokunakekela izingane kufanele zithobele izimiso eziyisisekelo, okuhlanganisa namashejuli okuhlola, asiza ukuthola izinkinga ezingase zibe khona ngaphambi kokuba zidlulele ekuhlulekeni okubizayo. Izinqubo zokuhlanza, ukuthambisa, nokulungiswa kufanele kulandelwe ngokuhlelekile ngokuya ngemininingwane yomkhiqizi. Isivalo esinakekelwa kahle sigwema ukungcola okungalimaza indawo yokuvala, iqinisekise ukulingana okuqinile futhi ivimbele ukuvuza.
Izinqubo ezihamba phambili zemboni zincoma ukuqeqeshwa kochwepheshe abanomthwalo wemfanelo wokufaka nokusekelwa ekuboneni izimpawu ezibonisa ukuthi uphawu lomshini lungaba sengozini noma selusondele ekupheleni kwalo. Le ndlela yokuvimbela ayigcini nje ngokunweba isikhathi sokuphila kodwa futhi iqinisekisa ukuphepha nokusebenza kahle ngaphakathi kokusebenza kwesistimu. Ngokugcizelela ukufakwa okufanele okubhangqwe nokugcinwa ngenkuthalo, izinhlangano zingakwazi ukukhulisa kokubili ukusebenza kanye nenani kusukela ekutshalweni kwazo kwemishini yophawu.

Ekuphetheni
Sengiphetha, isikhathi sokuphila somshini wophawu sincike ebhalansini ethambile yezinto ezihlanganisa ukuhambisana kwezinto, ukufakwa okufanele, izimo zohlelo, namasu okulungisa. Nakuba izilinganiso zinganikeza isiqondiso esivamile, ukubekezela kwangempela komshini wakho wokufaka uphawu kuncike ekwengameleni okunakekile kanye nokubambelela ezenzweni ezingcono kakhulu. Ngokubona ukuthi isimo ngasinye sinezinselele eziyingqayizivele, ukufuna uphawu oluhlala njalo kudinga izixazululo ezihlosiwe.