Isivalo Semishini Sizohlala Isikhathi Eside Kangakanani?

Izivalo zemishini zisebenza njengesisekelo esibalulekile ekusebenzeni nasekuphileni isikhathi eside kwamaphampu ahlukahlukene ezimboni, abaxubi, kanye neminye imishini lapho ukuvala okungenamoya kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukuqonda isikhathi sokuphila kwalezi zingxenye ezibalulekile akuyona nje indaba yokugcinwa kodwa futhi kungenye yezinkinga zokusebenza kahle kwezomnotho kanye nokuthembeka kokusebenza. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola izici ezithonya ukuqina kwezivalo zemishini futhi sihlole ukuthi ukwakheka kwazo, indawo, kanye nezimo zesevisi kuhlangana kanjani ukuze kunqunywe isikhathi sokuphila kwazo. Ngokuvula lezi zinto, abafundi bazothola ukuqonda kokukhulisa isikhathi sokuphila kwezivalo zemishini nokuqinisekisa ukuthi imisebenzi yazo isebenza kahle futhi ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka okuphazamisayo.

Isikhathi Esimaphakathi Sokuphila Kwezimbozo Zemishini
1. Okulindelwe yimpilo yonke jikelele
Izivalo zemishini ziyingxenye ebalulekile ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zemishini, zidlala indima ebalulekile ekugcineni ubuqotho nokusebenza kahle kohlelo. Ngakho-ke, ukuqonda isikhathi esimaphakathi sokuphila kwalezi zivalo kubalulekile ekuhleleni amashejuli okulungisa nokunciphisa isikhathi sokungasebenzi. Ngokuvamile, izivalo zemishini zingahlala noma kuphi kusukela ezinyangeni ezingu-18 kuya eminyakeni emithathu ngaphansi kwezimo zokusebenza ezijwayelekile.

Nokho, lokhu kulindeleka okuvamile kumane kuyisisekelo. Kunezici eziningi ezibandakanyekayo lapho kunqunywa isikhathi esiqondile sokuphila kwesivalo somshini, okuhlanganisa ukwakheka kwaso, ukwakheka kwezinto, kanye nokusetshenziswa okuqondile esisetshenziselwa kona. Ezinye izivalo zingase zidlule izinga eliphezulu lalolu hlu ezimweni ezinhle kakhulu, kanti ezinye zingase zehluleke ngaphambi kwesikhathi uma zibhekene nezimo ezinzima noma izidingo ezinzima kakhulu.

Ukulindela isikhathi sokuphila kwesivalo kuncike ohlotsheni kanye nosayizi wesivalo kanye nomkhiqizi waso. Isibonelo,izivalo zemishini zentwasahlobo eyodwakungase kunikeze ubude obuhlukile bokuphila uma kuqhathaniswa nezimbobo zohlobo lwe-cartridge noma ze-bellows ngenxa yokwehluka kwazo komklamo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukubekezelelana kokukhiqiza kanye nokulawulwa kwekhwalithi kungathinta kakhulu impilo yezimbobo - ngezinto ezisezingeni eliphezulu kanye nobunjiniyela bokunemba ngokuvamile okuguqula ukuqina okukhulu.

Izindinganiso zemboni zivame ukunikeza izilinganiso zokuphila kwenkonzo kodwa ekugcineni ziyiziqondiso ezijwayelekile kunezikhathi eziqinisekisiwe. Empeleni, opharetha nonjiniyela akufanele bathembele kulezi zilinganiso kuphela kodwa kufanele futhi bacabangele idatha yokusebenza yomlando evela kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezifanayo.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukuphila okungaphezu kwalezi zigaba kungenzeka ngokunakekelwa okukhethekile noma ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanele; ngokufanayo, izinkinga zokusebenza ezingalindelekile zingaholela ekushintsheni kusenesikhathi ngaphambi kokufinyelela lezi zilinganiso.

2. Izinguquko Ezisekelwe Ezinhlotsheni Zesivalo kanye Nezicelo
Ukuqina kanye nokuphila kokusebenza kwezimbobo zemishini kungashintshashintsha kakhulu kuye ngohlobo lwazo kanye nesicelo esithile ezisetshenziswa kuso. Ukuhlelwa kwezimbobo eziningi kuklanyelwe ukuhlangabezana nezidingo ezahlukene zemishini, kusukela kumaphampu kanye nama-mixer kuya kuma-compressor kanye nama-agitator. Isibonelo, izimbobo ze-cartridge ngokuvamile zinikeza impilo yesevisi ende ngenxa yemvelo yazo yokuhlanganiswa kusengaphambili, okulula ukuyifaka enciphisa amaphutha okufakwa.

Nasi isifinyezo esiqokomisa izinhlobo ezivamile zesivalo semishini kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezijwayelekile, okunikeza ukuqonda ngokushintshashintsha kwesikhathi sokuphila okulindelekile:

Uhlobo ngalunye lwesivalo semishini luhlelwe ngendlela efanele ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile, okuthonya ngokungenakugwenywa ubude baso. Izivalo ezilinganisiwe, isibonelo, zinekhono lokusingatha izingcindezi eziphakeme ngaphandle kokuthinta kakhulu isikhathi sazo sokuphila—zifeza lokhu ngokusatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo kwamandla e-hydraulic kuyo yonke indawo yokubopha. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izivalo ezingalingani zingase zibe ngcono kakhulu kodwa zingabhekana nezikhathi zokuphila ezincishisiwe ezimweni ezidinga kakhulu njengezimo zokucindezela okuphezulu lapho ukusatshalaliswa kwamandla okungalingani kuholela ekugugeni nasekudabukeni okusheshayo.

Izivalo zensimbi ezishayayo zibonisa ukukhuthazela okumangalisayo lapho zibhekene nemisebenzi yokushisa okuphezulu—okuyinto ebalulekile ekucutshungulweni kwamakhemikhali noma ezindaweni zokuhluza uwoyela lapho ukwanda okubangelwa ukushisa kungonakalisa ubuqotho besivalo.

Izimbozo zokuxuba zibhekana nezinselele ezahlukene: izinhlayiya ezihudulayo kanye namandla okusika aguquguqukayo akhona ezinqubweni zokuxuba zidinga imiklamo ekhethekile. Isikhathi sokuphila lapha sihluka kakhulu, sishintsha ngokwezinga lokuqina kwesicelo ngasinye kanye nokuhudula kwezinto ezihilelekile.

Lokhu kuhlukahluka kugcizelela isidingo sokukhetha ngokucophelela okusekelwe hhayi nje ekuvumelaneni okusheshayo kodwa futhi nasekulindelweni kokusebenza kwesikhathi esizayo okusekelwe ezidingweni ezithile zohlelo lokusebenza. Ukuqonda lokhu kuhluka kusiza abathengi ekukhetheni izivalo zemishini ezenza ngcono ukusebenza kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside ngaphakathi komongo wazo ohlukile wokusebenza.

Izici Ezithinta Isikhathi Sokuphila Sezimpawu Zemishini
1. Ikhwalithi Yezinto Ezibalulekile: Ukuchaza Indlela Izinto Ezithinta Ngayo Ubude Besikhathi
Ukuqina nokusebenza kwezivalo zomshini kuthonywa kakhulu yikhwalithi yezinto ezisetshenziswa ekukhiqizweni kwazo. Izinto zokwakha izingxenye zesivalo zomshini zikhethwa ngokusekelwe ekhonweni lazo lokubekezelela izimo zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa ukuthintana noketshezi olunamandla, amazinga okushisa aphezulu, kanye nokwehluka kwengcindezi.

Izinto ezisezingeni eliphezulu zizoqinisekisa ukuthi ubuso besivalo, okuyizinto ezibalulekile ekugcineni isithiyo esiqinile ngokumelene nokuvuza koketshezi, buhlala buqinile futhi bungagugi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ukukhetha phakathi kwezinto ezifana ne-ceramics, i-silicon carbide, i-tungsten carbide, insimbi engagqwali, kanye nama-elastomer ahlukahlukene kwenziwa ngokucabangela ngokucophelela imininingwane yendawo yokufakwa kwazo.

Ukuze sibonise ukuthi ikhwalithi yezinto ezibonakalayo ithinta kanjani isikhathi eside, cabanga ngezimbozo zobumba ezinikeza ukumelana okuhle kakhulu nokugqwala kodwa ezingase ziqhekeke kalula ngaphansi kokushaqeka kokushisa noma amandla amakhulu. I-silicon carbide inikeza ubulukhuni obuphezulu kanye nokuqhuba ukushisa okwenza ifaneleke ukusetshenziswa ngesivinini esikhulu okudala ukushisa okukhulu.

Ukukhetha izinto ezibonakalayo kudlulela nasezintweni zesivalo sesibili njenge-O-rings noma ama-gasket lapho ama-elastomer afana ne-Viton™ noma i-EPDM ehlolwa khona ukuze kutholakale ukuhambisana kwawo namakhemikhali kanye nokuqina kokushisa. Ukukhetha okuhle kusiza ekuvimbeleni ukuwohloka okungaholela ekuhlulekeni kwangaphambi kwesikhathi ezindaweni ezinolaka.

Kuyaqondakala ukuthi lezi zinto ziza ngezindleko ezahlukene ezibonisa ubuchwepheshe bazo ekusetshenzisweni; ngakho-ke, ukutshala imali ezintweni ezifanele zekhwalithi ephezulu akugcini nje ngokusiza ekuqhubekeni kwesikhathi eside senkonzo kodwa futhi kuthuthukise ukuphepha nokuthembeka kwezinhlelo zemishini ezizisebenzisayo. Ngezansi kunethebula elimele izinhlobo ezahlukene zezinto ezivame ukusetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kwezimpawu zemishini kanye nezinye zezici zazo ezibalulekile:

Inketho ngayinye iletha amandla afaka isandla ebude besikhathi sokuvala uma ihambisana kahle nezidingo zesimo sokusetshenziswa—umsebenzi obhekene nabaklami nonjiniyela abahlose ukufeza ubude besikhathi besistimu ngokukhetha ngokucophelela izinto.

2. Izimo Zokusebenza: Umthelela Wezinga Lokushisa, Ingcindezi, Nezindawo Ezigqwalisayo
Izimo zokusebenza zithinta kakhulu isikhathi sokuphila kwezivalo zomshini. Lezi zimo zifaka phakathi ukushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa, ingcindezi, kanye nokuchayeka ezintweni ezibolayo, konke okungabangela amazinga ahlukene okuguguleka. Izinga lokushisa eliphezulu, isibonelo, lingaholela ekwandeni kokushisa kwezingxenye zesivalo kanye nokuwohloka kwama-elastomer. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amazinga okushisa aphansi kakhulu angabangela ukuthi izinto ezithile zesivalo zibe buthaka futhi ziqhekeke.

Ingcindezi nayo idlala indima ebalulekile; ingcindezi enkulu ingaphazamisa izindawo zokuvala noma iphazamise ibhalansi phakathi kobuso besivalo, okuholela ekuhlulekeni kwangaphambi kwesikhathi. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ingcindezi ephansi kakhulu ingavimbela ukwakheka okufanele kwefilimu yokugcoba ebalulekile ekusebenzeni kwesivalo.

Ngokuphathelene nezindawo ezigqwalisayo, ukuhlaselwa ngamakhemikhali kungonakalisa izinto zokuvala okuholela ekulahlekelweni kwezakhiwo zezinto futhi ekugcineni kuhluleke ngenxa yokuvuza noma ukuphuka. Izinto zokuvala kumele zifaniswe noketshezi lwenqubo ukuqinisekisa ukuhambisana nokumelana nokuhlaselwa okunjalo kwemvelo.

Ukuze kuboniswe le miphumela ngokucacile, ngezansi kukhona isifinyezo esibekiwe esichaza ukuthi izimo zokusebenza zithinta kanjani ubude besikhathi sokuvalwa kwe-mechanical:

Ukuqonda nokulawula lezi zinhlaka kubaluleke kakhulu ekwandiseni isikhathi sokuphila kwezimpawu zomshini. Kuphela ngokucabangisisa indawo yokusebenza lapho umuntu angaqinisekisa khona ukuthi izimpawu zomshini zisebenza kahle kuyo yonke impilo yazo yokusebenza.

3. Ukufakwa Nokugcinwa: Indima Yokufakwa Okufanelekile Nokugcinwa Okuvamile
Ukuphila isikhathi eside kanye nokusebenza kahle kwezivalo zomshini kuthonywa kakhulu ukunemba kokufakwa kwazo kanye nokuqina kokugcinwa kwazo. Izivalo zomshini ezingafakwanga kahle zingaholela ekuncipheni kokuphila kwezivalo ngenxa yokungalungi kahle, okubangela ukuguguleka ngokweqile noma ngisho nokwehluleka ngokushesha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukulungiswa okuvamile kuwumkhuba obalulekile oqinisekisa impilo eqhubekayo yalezi zingxenye.

Abasebenzi bokulungisa kufanele balandele izinqubo ezimisiwe, okuhlanganisa nezinhlelo zokuhlola, ezisiza ekutholeni izinkinga ezingaba khona ngaphambi kokuba zikhule zibe ukwehluleka okubizayo. Izinqubo zokuhlanza, ukugcoba, kanye nokulungisa kudingeka zilandelwe ngokuhlelekile ngokwezincazelo zomkhiqizi. Ukuvalwa okugcinwe kahle kugwema ukungcola okungalimaza izindawo zokuvala, kuqinisekiswe ukuthi zilingana kahle futhi kuvimbele ukuvuza.
Imikhuba emihle embonini incoma ukuqeqeshwa kochwepheshe abanomthwalo wokufaka nokusekela ekuboneni izimpawu ezibonisa ukuthi uphawu lomshini lungase lube sengozini noma lusondela ekupheleni kokuphila kwalo. Le ndlela yokuvimbela ayigcini nje ngokwandisa isikhathi sokuphila kodwa futhi iqinisekisa ukuphepha nokusebenza kahle ngaphakathi kokusebenza kohlelo. Ngokugcizelela ukufakwa okufanele kuhambisane nokugcinwa ngokucophelela, izinhlangano zingakhulisa kokubili ukusebenza kanye nenani elivela ekutshalweni kwazo kophawu lomshini.

Ekuphetheni
Ekuphetheni, isikhathi sokuphila kwesivalo somshini sincike ekulinganisweni okubucayi kwezici okuhlanganisa ukuhambisana kwezinto, ukufakwa okufanele, izimo zokusetshenziswa, kanye namasu okulungisa. Nakuba izilinganiso zinganikeza isiqondiso esijwayelekile, ukukhuthazela kwangempela kwesivalo sakho somshini kuncike ekuqapheni ngokucophelela kanye nokunamathela emikhubeni emihle kakhulu. Ukuqonda ukuthi isimo ngasinye sinezinselele ezihlukile, ukufuna isivalo esihlala isikhathi eside kudinga izixazululo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso.