Zisebenza Kanjani Izimbozo Zemishini Yephampu?

Izimbonakaliso Zemishinikubalulekile ukuze kube nokuqinaIndlela Yokuvala Iphampu, ukuvimbela ngempumelelo ukuvuza koketshezi oluzungeze umgodi wepompo ojikelezayo.Isimiso Sokusebenza Sesivalo Semishinikuhilela ukuqaphelaUkubaluleka kwama-O-rings ezivalweni zephampuukuvalwa okungaguquki kanyeIndima yeziphethu ezivalweni zemishiniukuze kugcinwe ukuxhumana ubuso nobuso. Le ndlela ebanzi iyacacisaIndlela uphawu lomshini wepompo ye-centrifugal olusebenza ngayoNgo-2024, lezi zingxenye ezibalulekile zenze imali engenayo yemakethe eyizigidi ezingama-USD 2,004.26.

Izinto Ezibalulekile Okufanele Uzicabangele

• Izimpawu zomshiniukuvimba ukuvuza koketshezi oluzungeze umgodi ojikelezayo wephampu. Basebenzisa izingxenye ezimbili eziyinhloko, ubuso obujikelezayo kanye nobuso obungashukumi, obucindezela ndawonye ukuze bakhe uphawu oluqinile.
• Ungqimba oluncane loketshezi, olubizwa ngokuthi ifilimu ye-hydrodynamic, lwakheka phakathi kwalezi zimo. Le filimu isebenza njengesithambisi, inciphisa ukuguguleka nokuvimba ukuvuza, okusiza ukuthi isivalo sihlale isikhathi eside.
• Ukukhetha uphawu olufanele lomshinikuncike ezintweni ezifana nohlobo loketshezi, ingcindezi, kanye nesivinini. Ukukhetha nokunakekela okufanele kusiza izivalo ukuthi zisebenze kahle futhi zonge imali ekunakekelweni.

Izingxenye Eziyinhloko Zezimpawu Zomshini Wephampu

Ukuqondaizingxenye ngazinye zesivalo somshinikusiza ekucaciseni umsebenzi wayo wonke. Ingxenye ngayinye idlala indima ebalulekile ekuvimbeleni ukuvuza nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kwephampu.

Ubuso Bophawu Olujikelezayo

Ubuso besivalo esijikelezayo bunamathela ngqo ku-shaft yephampu. Bujikeleza no-shaft, bakhe ingxenye eyodwa yesixhumi esiyinhloko sokuvala. Abakhiqizi bakhetha izinto zalesi sigaba ngokusekelwe ezicini zoketshezi kanye nezimo zokusebenza.

Izinto ezivamile zokujikeleza ubuso besivalo zifaka:

• Izingxube ze-carbon graphite, ezivame ukusetshenziswa njengendwangu yobuso egqokwayo.
• I-tungsten carbide, into eqinile eboshwe nge-cobalt noma i-nickel.
• I-Ceramic, njenge-aluminium oxide, ifanele ukusetshenziswa kwemisebenzi ephansi.
• Ithusi, into ethambile futhi evumelana kakhulu nezakhiwo zokugcoba ezilinganiselwe.
• I-Ni-Resist, insimbi ecijile equkethe i-nickel.
• I-Stellite®, insimbi ye-cobalt-chromium alloy.
• I-GFPTFE (i-PTFE Egcwele Ingilazi).

Kokubili ukuphela kwendawo kanye nokuba yisicaba kubalulekile ebusweni be-seal obujikelezayo. Ukuphela kwendawo, okuchaza ukuba lukhuni, kulinganiswa ngokwe-'rms' (impande yesikwele esiphakathi) noma i-CLA (isilinganiso somugqa ophakathi). Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuba yisicaba kuchaza indawo eqondile engenazo ukuphakama noma ukugoba. Onjiniyela bavame ukubhekisela ekubeni yisicaba njengokugoba ezivalweni zemishini. Ngokuvamile balinganisa ukuba yisicaba besebenzisa umthombo wokukhanya we-optical flat kanye nomthombo wokukhanya we-monochromatic, njengomthombo wokukhanya wegesi ye-helium. Lo mthombo wokukhanya ukhiqiza amabhande okukhanya. Ibhande ngalinye lokukhanya le-helium limelela ama-micron angu-0.3 (0.0000116 inches) okuphambuka ekubeni yisicaba. Inani lamabhande okukhanya abonwayo libonisa izinga lokuba yisicaba, kanye namabhande ambalwa abonisa ukuba yisicaba okukhulu.

Kudinga ukuthamba okulinganiselwa ku-millionths ye-intshi nge-square inch ukuze kuvalwe.

Eziningi zezicelo ezihilela ubuso besivalo obujikelezayo, ubulukhuni bomphezulu obufanele buvame ukuba ngama-microinches angu-1 kuya kwangu-3 (ama-micrometer angu-0.025 kuya ku-0.076). Ukubekezelela ubulukhuni nakho kuqinile kakhulu, ngokuvamile kudinga ukunemba ngaphakathi kwengxenye eyodwa kweziyisigidi ze-intshi. Ngisho nokugoba okuncane noma ukungalingani kungaholela ekuvuzeni. Ithebula elingezansi libonisa izidingo ezijwayelekile zobuthambile kanye nokuqeda umphezulu:

Ubuso Bophawu Olungashintshi

Ubuso bokuvala obungaguquki buhlala bunamathele endlini yephampu. Buhlinzeka ngengxenye yesibili yesixhumi esiyinhloko sokuvala. Le ngxenye ayijikelezi. Izinto zayo kumele zibe nobunzima obukhulu kanye nokumelana nokuguguleka ukuze zimelane nokuxhumana okuqhubekayo nobuso obujikelezayo.

Ubuso be-carbon seal busetshenziswa kabanzi futhi bungaxutshwa ukuze kuvinjwe ukungqubuzana okuhlukahlukene. Ngokuvamile abunamakhemikhali aqinile. I-tungsten carbide inikeza ukumelana okuphezulu kwamakhemikhali, kwe-tribological, kanye nokushisa uma kuqhathaniswa ne-carbon. I-silicon carbide igcina amandla emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, inokumelana okuhle kakhulu nokugqwala, kanye nokukhula okuphansi kokushisa. Lokhu kuyenza ifaneleke ukusetshenziswa kokuguguleka, ukugqwala, kanye nokucindezela okuphezulu. I-aluminium oxide, ngenxa yobunzima bayo, inikeza izici ezinhle kakhulu zokuguguleka.

Nazi ezinye izinto ezivamile kanye nezakhiwo zazo:

• I-Tungsten Carbide: Le nto inamandla kakhulu. Inikeza ukumelana okumangalisayo kwezinhlayiya kanye nokushayisana, yize inokusebenza okuphansi kwe-tribological kune-Silicon Carbide. Ukuqina kwayo kwe-Mohs kungu-9.
• Ikhabhoni: Isebenza kahle kakhulu uma ihlanganiswe nezinto eziqinile, ikhabhoni iyakhanga ngokwezentengiselwano. Kodwa-ke, ithambile futhi iyaphuka, okwenza ingafaneleki kuma-media anezinhlayiya eziqinile. I-Triple Phenolic Resin Impregnated Carbon Graphite inikeza ukusebenza okuphezulu kokuguguleka kwezicelo ezidinga ukugcotshwa okuncane noma amakhemikhali anamandla.
• I-Alumina Ceramic (ubumsulwa obungu-99.5%): Lena inketho engabizi kakhulu enokumelana okumangalisayo kwamakhemikhali nokuguguleka ngenxa yokuqina okuphezulu. Ukuqina kwayo kwe-Mohs kungu-9-10. Kodwa-ke, ithambekele ekuqhekekeni komzimba nokushisa. Lokhu kuyenza ingafaneleki kuma-media anezinhlayiya eziqinile, ukuthambisa okuphansi, noma ukushintsha kwezinga lokushisa ngokuzumayo.
• I-Silicon Carbide: Le nto ibhekwa njengesebenza kahle kakhulu ngokwe-tribologically uma ihlanganiswe ne-carbon. Yinto yobuso be-seal obuqinile futhi obungagugi kakhulu, enikeza ikhono elimangalisayo lamakhemikhali. Ukuze kufakwe i-grinding media enezinhlayiya eziqinile, kunconywa ukuhlanganisa ubuso be-Silicon Carbide seal obubili. Ukuqina kwayo kwe-Mohs kungu-9-10.

Izinto Zokuvala Zesibili

Izinto zokuvala zesibili zinikeza ukuvala okungaguquki phakathi kwezingxenye zesivalo kanye nendlu yepompo noma umgodi. Zivumela futhi ukunyakaza kwe-axial kobuso besivalo. Lezi zinto ziqinisekisa ukuvala okuqinile ngisho nalapho ubuso bokuqala buhamba kancane.

Izinhlobo ezahlukene zezinto zokuvala zesibili zifaka:

1. Ama-O-rings: Lezi zinesigaba esiyindilinga. Kulula ukuzifaka, ziyasebenziseka, futhi ziwuhlobo oluvame kakhulu. Ama-O-rings atholakala kuma-compounds nama-durometer ahlukahlukene e-elastomeric ukuze kuhambisane nezidingo ezahlukene zokushisa namakhemikhali.
2. Izimbozo ze-Elastomer noma ze-thermoplastic: Lezi zisetshenziswa lapho izivalo ezishintshashintshayo ezishintshashintshayo zingasebenzi kahle. Ziyaphambuka ukuze zivumele ukunyakaza ngaphandle kokushelela futhi ziza ngezinto ezahlukahlukene. Abantu bazazi nangokuthi 'amabhuzu'.
3. Ama-Wedges (i-PTFE noma i-carbon/graphite): Njengoba ziqanjwe ngesimo sazo esiphambene, ama-wedge asetshenziswa lapho ama-O-rings engafaneleki ngenxa yokushisa noma ukuchayeka kwamakhemikhali. Adinga amandla angaphandle kodwa angabiza kahle. Imikhawulo ifaka phakathi amathuba 'okumiswa' ezinsizeni ezingcolile kanye nokuphotha.
4. Izibhongo zensimbi: Lezi zisetshenziswa ekusetshenzisweni kokushisa okuphezulu, kwe-vacuum, noma kokuhlanzeka. Zakhiwe ngengcezu eyodwa yensimbi noma nge-welded. Zihlinzeka kokubili ukuvala kwesibili kanye nomthwalo wesipilingi wokunyakaza kwe-axial.
5. Ama-gasket ayisicaba: Lezi zisetshenziselwa ukuvala okungaguquki, njengokuvala indlala yesivalo somshini ku-flange yokufaka noma ezinye izixhumi eziguquki ngaphakathi kwenhlangano. Azinawo amandla okunyakaza futhi ziyizivikelo zohlobo lokucindezela, ngokuvamile ezisetshenziswa kanye.
6. Izinkomishi ze-U kanye nezindandatho ze-V: Ziqanjwe ngezingxenye zazo eziphambeneyo, lezi zenziwe ngezinto ze-elastomeric noma ze-thermoplastic. Zisetshenziswa ezindaweni zokushisa okuphansi, ezinomfutho ophezulu, futhi lapho kudingeka khona ukuhambisana kwamakhemikhali athile.

Ukuhambisana kwezinto zokwakha zokuvala kwesibili kubalulekile. Uketshezi olunamandla lungasabela ngezinto zokwakha zokuvala, luphule isakhiwo sazo sama-molecule. Lokhu kuholela ekubeni buthaka, ekuqhekekeni, noma ekuthambekeni. Lokhu kungabangela ukuncipha, ukugoba, noma ukuhlakazeka okuphelele kwezingxenye zesivalo, kufaka phakathi izinto zokugcina zesivalo zesibili. Kuketshezi olubola kakhulu njenge-hydrofluoric (HF) acid, ama-perfluoroelastomers anconywa njengesici sokugcina sesivalo sesibili. Lokhu kungenxa yesidingo sezinto ezingamelana namakhemikhali ezingamelana nokuguquguquka kanye nengcindezi yamakhemikhali anjalo anolaka. Ukungahambisani kwamakhemikhali kuholela ekuwohlokeni kwezinto kanye nokugqwala kuma-Mechanical Seals, kufaka phakathi izinto zokugcina zesivalo zesibili. Lokhu kungabangela ukuthi izingxenye zesivalo zivuvuke, zinciphe, ziqhekeke, noma zigqwale. Umonakalo onjalo uphazamisa ubuqotho besivalo kanye nezakhiwo zemishini, okuholela ekuvuza kanye nokuphila kwenkonzo okufushane. Amazinga okushisa aphezulu, noma ukusabela okubangelwa uketshezi olungahambisani, kungalimaza nezinto zokwakha zokuvala ngokweqa imikhawulo yazo yokushisa ebalulekile. Lokhu kuholela ekulahlekelweni kwamandla nobuqotho. Izakhiwo ezibalulekile zamakhemikhali ezichaza ukuhambisana zifaka phakathi izinga lokushisa lokusebenza koketshezi, izinga le-pH, ingcindezi yesistimu, kanye nokuhlushwa kwamakhemikhali. Lezi zici zinquma ukumelana kwezinto nokuwohloka.

Izindlela Zentwasahlobo

Izindlela zesiphethu zisebenzisa amandla angaguquki futhi afanayo ukugcina ubuso besivalo esijikelezayo nesinganyakazi buthintana. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuvalwa okuqinile ngisho noma ubuso buguga noma njengoba ingcindezi ishintshashintsha.

Izinhlobo ezahlukene zezindlela zasentwasahlobo zifaka:

• Intwasahlobo Eyindilinga: Le ntwasahlobo inomumo wekhoni. Ivame ukusetshenziswa ezindaweni ezimanzi noma ezingcolile ngenxa yokwakheka kwayo okuvulekile, okuvimbela ukunqwabelana kwezinhlayiya. Inikeza ingcindezi efanayo kanye nokunyakaza okubushelelezi.
• Intwasahlobo Yekhoyili Eyodwa: Lesi isiphethu esilula esinjenge-helical. Sisetshenziswa kakhulu ezivalweni zohlobo lwe-pusher zoketshezi oluhlanzekile njengamanzi noma uwoyela. Kulula ukuhlanganisa, kushibhile, futhi kunikeza amandla okuvala aqhubekayo.
• Intwasahlobo Yamagagasi: Le ntwasahlobo ithambile futhi inamagagasi. Ilungele izivalo ezincane lapho isikhala se-axial silinganiselwe. Iqinisekisa ukucindezela okulinganayo ezindaweni ezincane, yehlisa ubude besivalo sonke, futhi ikhuthaza ukuxhumana ubuso okuzinzile. Lokhu kuholela ekungqubuzaneni okuphansi kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside kwesivalo.
• Iziphethu Eziningi Zekhoyili: Lezi zakhiwe yiziphethu eziningi ezincane ezihlelwe zizungeze ubuso besivalo. Zivame ukutholakalaizimpawu zomshini ezilinganisiwekanye namaphampu anesivinini esikhulu. Asebenzisa ingcindezi efanayo kuzo zonke izinhlangothi, anciphisa ukuguguleka kobuso, futhi asebenza kahle uma ecindezelekile kakhulu noma kuma-RPM. Anikeza ukuthembeka ngisho noma isipilingi esisodwa sihluleka.

Kukhona nezinye izinhlobo zezindlela zentwasahlobo, njengeziphethu zamaqabunga, iziphethu zensimbi, kanye neziphethu ze-elastomeric.

Ukuhlanganiswa Kwepuleti Lendlala

I-gland plate assembly isebenza njengendawo yokufaka uphawu lomshini endlini yepompo. Ibamba ubuso be-stainless seal endaweni ephephile. Lokhu kuhlanganisa kuqinisekisa ukuhambisana kahle kwezingxenye ze-seal ngaphakathi kwepompo.

Isimiso Sokusebenza Sezimpawu Zomshini

Ukudala Isithiyo Sokuvala

Izimpawu zomshinivimbela ukuvuza koketshezi ngokusungula uphawu oluguquguqukayo phakathi komgodi ojikelezayo kanye nendawo yokuhlala engashintshi. Ubuso obubili obuklanywe kahle, obunye bujikeleza ngomgodi kanti obunye bunamathele ekhasejini lephampu, bakha isithiyo esiyinhloko sokuvala. Ubuso lobu bucindezelana, budala igebe elincane kakhulu. Kuma-gas seal, leli gebe livame ukuba ngama-micrometer angu-2 kuya kwangu-4 (µm). Leli banga lingashintsha ngokusekelwe ekucindezelweni, isivinini sokusebenza, kanye nohlobo lwegesi evalwe. Kuma-mechanical seal asebenza ngoketshezi lwamanzi, igebe eliphakathi kobuso be-seal lingaba lincane njenge-0.3 micrometer (µm). Lokhu kuhlukaniswa okuncane kakhulu kubalulekile ekuvaleni okuphumelelayo. Ubukhulu befilimu yoketshezi phakathi kobuso be-seal bungasukela kuma-micrometer ambalwa kuya kuma-micrometer angamakhulu amaningana, kuthonywa izici ezahlukahlukene zokusebenza. I-micrometer iyisigidi esisodwa semitha noma i-0.001mm.

Ifilimu ye-Hydrodynamic

Ungqimba oluncane loketshezi, olwaziwa ngokuthi ifilimu ye-hydrodynamic, lwakha phakathi kobuso besivalo esijikelezayo nesimile. Le filimu ibalulekile ekusebenzeni nasekuphileni isikhathi eside kwesivalo. Isebenza njengesithambisi, inciphisa kakhulu ukungqubuzana nokuguguleka phakathi kobuso besivalo. Le filimu futhi isebenza njengesivimbeli, ivimbela ukuvuza koketshezi. Le filimu ye-hydrodynamic ifinyelela ukwesekwa okuphezulu komthwalo we-hydrodynamic, okwandisa impilo yesivalo sobuso ngokunciphisa kakhulu ukuguguleka. Ukugoba okuguquguqukayo kobuso obubodwa kungabangela ukugcotshwa kwe-hydrodynamic.

Ifilimu ye-hydrodynamic inikeza ukuqina okukhulu kwefilimu futhi iholela ekuvuzeni okuphansi uma kuqhathaniswa nemiklamo eminingi ye-hydrostatic. Iphinde ibonise isivinini esiphansi sokukhuphula (noma sokujikeleza). Ama-grooves afaka uketshezi ngenkuthalo esibonakalayo, akhe ingcindezi ye-hydrodynamic. Lokhu kucindezela kusekela umthwalo futhi kunciphisa ukuthintana ngqo. Ama-diffuser grooves angafinyelela amandla aphezulu okuvula ukuvuza okufanayo uma kuqhathaniswa nama-flat cross-section spiral grooves.

Izindlela ezahlukene zokugcoba zichaza ukuziphatha kwefilimu:

I-fluid viscosity idlala indima ebalulekile ekwakhekeni nasekuzinzeni kwale filimu. Ucwaningo olwenziwe kumafilimu amancane, aqinile, aseNewtonian liquid lubonise ukuthi i-odd viscosity yethula amagama amasha ku-gradient yokucindezela kokugeleza. Lokhu kushintsha kakhulu i-nonlinear evolution equation yobukhulu befilimu. Ukuhlaziywa okuqondile kukhombisa ukuthi i-odd viscosity ihlala inomphumela wokuzinza ensimini yokugeleza. Ukunyakaza kwepuleti eliqondile nakho kuthinta ukuzinza; ukunyakaza okwehlayo kuthuthukisa ukuzinza, kuyilapho ukunyakaza okunyukayo kunciphisa. Izixazululo zezinombolo zibonisa ngokwengeziwe indima ye-odd viscosity ekugelezeni kwefilimu elincane ngaphansi kokunyakaza okuhlukahlukene kwepuleti ezindaweni ezishisayo, okubonisa ngokusobala ithonya layo ekuzinzeni kokugeleza.

Amandla Athonya Izisimbiso Zemishini

Amandla amaningana asebenza ebusweni besivalo ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwephampu, eqinisekisa ukuthi ahlala ethintana futhi agcina isithiyo sokuvala. Lawa mandla afaka amandla omshini kanye namandla e-hydraulic. Amandla omshini asebenza kusuka eziphethwini, ezimbozweni, noma kwezinye izinto zomshini. Agcina ukuxhumana phakathi kobuso besivalo. Amandla e-hydraulic akhiqiza kusukela ekucindezelweni koketshezi lwenqubo. La mandla asunduza ubuso besivalo ndawonye, ​​​​athuthukisa umphumela wokuvala. Ukuhlanganiswa kwala mandla kudala uhlelo olulinganiselayo oluvumela isivalo ukuthi sisebenze kahle.

Ukugcoba Nokuphathwa Kokushisa Kwezimpawu Zomshini

Ukuthambisa okufanelekanye nokuphathwa kokushisa okuphumelelayo kubalulekile ekusebenzeni okuthembekile kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside kwezimbobo zomshini. Ifilimu ye-hydrodynamic inikeza ukuthambisa, inciphisa ukungqubuzana kanye nokuguguleka. Kodwa-ke, ukungqubuzana kusakhiqiza ukushisa endaweni yokuvala. Ezimbobeni zezimboni, amazinga ajwayelekile okugeleza kokushisa asukela ku-10-100 kW/m². Ezinhlelweni zokusebenza okuphezulu, amazinga okugeleza kokushisa angaba phezulu afike ku-1000 kW/m².

Ukukhiqizwa kokushisa okusekelwe ekungqubuzaneni kungumthombo oyinhloko. Kwenzeka endaweni yokuvala. Izinga lokukhiqizwa kokushisa (Q) libala njengo-μ × N × V × A (lapho u-μ kuyi-coefficient yokungqubuzana, u-N amandla avamile, u-V ijubane, kanye no-A indawo yokuxhumana). Ukushisa okukhiqizwayo kusabalalisa phakathi kobuso obujikelezayo nobunganyakazi ngokusekelwe ezicini zabo zokushisa. Ukushisa kwe-viscous shear nakho kukhiqiza ukushisa. Le ndlela ihilela ukucindezeleka kwe-shear kumafilimu amancane oketshezi. Ibala njengo-Q = τ × γ × V (ukucindezeleka kwe-shear × izinga le-shear × ivolumu) futhi iba yinto ebaluleke kakhulu kuketshezi olune-viscosity ephezulu noma izinhlelo zokusebenza zesivinini esikhulu.

Izilinganiso zebhalansi ezilungiselelwe kahle ziyinto ebalulekile okufanele icatshangelwe ukuze kuncishiswe ukukhiqizwa kokushisa njengoba isivinini somshaft sanda. Ucwaningo lokuhlola ngezimbozo zobuso ezisebenza ngomshini lubonise ukuthi ukuhlanganiswa kwesilinganiso sebhalansi kanye nomfutho womusi kuthinta kakhulu amazinga okuguguleka kanye nokulahlekelwa ukungqubuzana. Ngokukhethekile, ngaphansi kwezimo zesilinganiso sebhalansi esiphezulu, i-torque yokungqubuzana phakathi kobuso be-seal yayilingana ngqo nomfutho womusi. Ucwaningo luphinde lwathola ukuthi ukwehla okukhulu kwama-torque okungqubuzana kanye namazinga okuguguleka kungatholakala ngezilinganiso zebhalansi eziphansi.

Izinhlobo Nokukhethwa Kwezimpawu Zomshini

Izinhlobo Ezivamile Zezimpawu Zomshini

Izimpawu zomshini ziza ngemiklamo ehlukahlukene, ngayinye ifanele ukusetshenziswa okuthile.Izimpawu zokusunduzasebenzisa ama-O-ring e-elastomer ahamba eceleni komgodi ukuze agcine ukuxhumana. Ngokuphambene nalokho,izivalo ezingacindezelisebenzisa i-elastomer noma i-metal bellows, ezishintshashintshayo kunokuba zinyakaze. Lo mklamo wenza izivalo ezingacindezeli zilungele uketshezi olushisayo noma olubandayo, kanye nezimo ezigqwala noma ezishisa kakhulu, ezivame ukubonisa amazinga aphansi okuguguleka.

Omunye umehluko ukhona phakathiizivalo zekhatrijifuthiizivalo zezingxenye. I-cartridge mechanical seal iyiyunithi ehlanganiswe ngaphambilini, equkethe zonke izingxenye ze-seal ngaphakathi kwendlu eyodwa. Lo mklamo wenza kube lula ukufakwa futhi unciphise ingozi yamaphutha. Nokho, i-component seals iqukethe izinto ngazinye ezihlanganiswe ensimini, okungaholela ekufakweni okuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kanye nengozi ephezulu yamaphutha. Ngenkathi i-cartridge seals inezindleko eziphezulu kusengaphambili, ivame ukuholela ekunakekelweni okuphansi kanye nesikhathi esincishisiwe sokungasebenzi.

Izivalo ziphinde zihlukaniswe njengezilinganisiwe noma ezingalingani. Izivalo ezilinganisiwe zemishini zisingatha umehluko wokucindezela okuphezulu futhi zigcina izikhundla zobuso bezivalo ezizinzile, okwenza zifaneleke ukusetshenziswa okubalulekile kanye nemishini esheshayo. Zinikeza ukusebenza kahle kwamandla okuthuthukisiwe kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside kwemishini. Izivalo ezingalingani zinomklamo olula futhi zingabizi kakhulu. Ziyisinqumo esiwusizo sezinhlelo zokusebenza ezingadingi kakhulu njengamaphampu amanzi kanye nezinhlelo ze-HVAC, lapho ukuthembeka kubalulekile khona kodwa ukucindezela okuphezulu akuyona inkinga.

Izici Zokukhetha Izimbozo Zemishini

Ukukhetha uphawu olufanele lomshini kudinga ukucatshangelwa ngokucophelela izici eziningana ezibalulekile.isicelongokwayo inquma izinketho eziningi, okuhlanganisa ukusethwa kwemishini kanye nezinqubo zokusebenza. Isibonelo, amaphampu enqubo ye-ANSI asebenza ngokuqhubekayo ahluke kakhulu kumaphampu e-sump service ahlala isikhathi eside, ngisho noma enoketshezi olufanayo.

ImidiyaKubhekiselwa kuketshezi oluthintana nesivalo. Onjiniyela kumele bahlole ngokujulile izakhi zoketshezi kanye nohlobo lwalo. Babuza ukuthi umfudlana opompiwe uqukethe yini izinto eziqinile noma izinto ezingcolisayo ezifana ne-H2S noma ama-chloride. Baphinde bacabangele ukuhlushwa komkhiqizo uma kuyisisombululo, nokuthi uyaqina yini ngaphansi kwanoma yiziphi izimo ezihlangatshezwayo. Emikhiqizweni eyingozi noma leyo engenawo amafutha afanele, ukushaqeka kwangaphandle noma izivalo ezicindezelwe kabili kuvame ukudingeka.

Ingcindezifuthiisivininiyizici ezimbili eziyisisekelo zokusebenza. Ingcindezi ngaphakathi kwegumbi lokuvala akumele idlule umkhawulo wokucindezela okungaguquki kwesivalo. Iphinde ithonye umkhawulo oguquguqukayo (i-PV) ngokusekelwe ezintweni zokuvala kanye nezakhiwo zoketshezi. Isivinini sithinta kakhulu ukusebenza kwesivalo, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezibucayi. Ijubane eliphezulu liholela emandleni e-centrifugal eziphethwini, okukhuthaza imiklamo yentwasahlobo engashintshi.

Izici zoketshezi, izinga lokushisa lokusebenza, kanye nengcindezi kuthonya ngqo ukukhethwa kwesivalo. Uketshezi olubi lubangela ukuguguleka ebusweni besivalo, kuyilapho uketshezi olubi lulimaza izinto zesivalo. Ukushisa okuphezulu kubangela ukuba izinto zande, okungase kuholele ekuvuzeni. Ukushisa okuphansi kwenza izinto zibe buthaka. Ukucindezeleka okuphezulu kubeka ingcindezi eyengeziwe ebusweni besivalo, okudinga umklamo wesivalo oqinile.

Ukusetshenziswa Kwezimpawu Zomshini

Izisimbozo zemishini zisetshenziswa kabanzi ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene ngenxa yendima yazo ebalulekile ekuvimbeleni ukuvuza nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle.

In ukukhipha uwoyela negesi, izivalo zibalulekile kumaphampu asebenza ngaphansi kwezimo ezimbi kakhulu. Zivimbela ukuvuza kwe-hydrocarbon, ziqinisekisa ukuphepha kanye nokuhambisana nemvelo. Izivalo ezikhethekile kumaphampu angaphansi kolwandle zimelana nomfutho ophezulu kanye namanzi olwandle agqwalayo, zinciphisa ubungozi bemvelo kanye nesikhathi sokungasebenzi.

Ukucubungula nokugcina amakhemikhalibathembele ezimvini ukuze bavimbele ukuvuza kwezinto ezinolaka nezigqwalisayo. Lokhu kuvuza kungabangela izingozi zokuphepha noma ukulahleka komkhiqizo. Izimvini ezithuthukisiwe ezenziwe ngezinto ezingagqwali njenge-ceramic noma i-carbon zivame kakhulu kuma-reactor namathangi okugcina izinto. Zandisa isikhathi sokuphila kwemishini futhi zigcina ubumsulwa bomkhiqizo.

Ukwelashwa kwamanzi kanye namanzi angcolileIzikhungo zisebenzisa izivalo ezimpompini nasezixubeni ukuze zigcine amanzi namakhemikhali. Lezi zivalo zenzelwe ukusebenza okuqhubekayo kanye nokumelana nokungcoliswa yizinto eziphilayo. Ezitshalweni zokususa usawoti emanzini, izivalo kumele zibekezelele ukucindezeleka okuphezulu kanye nezimo zosawoti, zibeka phambili ukuqina kokuthembeka kokusebenza kanye nokuhambisana nemvelo.

Ama-slurry abrasive kanye noketshezi oluqothulayo kuletha izinselele ezithile. Izinhlayiya eziqothulayo zisheshisa ukuguguleka ezindaweni zokuvala. Ukusebenza kwamakhemikhali koketshezi oluthile konakalisa izinto zokuvala. Izixazululo zifaka phakathi ama-elastomer athuthukile kanye nama-thermoplastic anokumelana okuphezulu kwamakhemikhali. Zihlanganisa nezici zokuvikela njengezinhlelo zoketshezi oluvimbelayo noma izilawuli zemvelo.

Izivalo Zomshini zivimbela ukuvuza ngokwakha isithiyo esiguquguqukayo phakathi kobuso obujikelezayo nobunganyakazi. Zinikeza ukonga okukhulu kwezindleko zokulungisa futhi zandisa isikhathi sokuphila kwemishini. Ukukhetha nokunakekela okufanele kuqinisekisa ukuthi zihlala isikhathi eside, ngokuvamile kudlula iminyaka emithathu, okunikeza ukusebenza okuthembekile kwephampu.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Uyini umsebenzi oyinhloko wesivalo somshini?

Izimpawu zomshiniukuvimbela ukuvuza koketshezi oluzungeze umgodi ojikelezayo wephampu. Bakha isithiyo esiguquguqukayo, okuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle nokuphephile kwephampu.

Yiziphi izingxenye eziyinhloko zesivalo somshini?

Izingxenye eziyinhloko zifaka phakathi ubuso besivalo obujikelezayo nobunganyakazi, izinto zokuvala zesibili,izindlela zasentwasahlobo, kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwepuleti le-gland. Ingxenye ngayinye yenza umsebenzi obalulekile.

Kungani ifilimu ye-hydrodynamic ibalulekile ezimpahleni zemishini?

Ifilimu ye-hydrodynamic igcoba ubuso besivalo, okunciphisa ukungqubuzana nokuguguleka. Iphinde isebenze njengesithiyo, ivimbele ukuvuza koketshezi futhi yandise isikhathi sokuphila kwesivalo.